다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

In contemporary years, the increasing demand for high-capacity and safe energy storage has spurred wide attentions in zinc batteries featuring either high voltage, high capacity or both. Despite the extensive research progress, achieving high-energy-density zinc batteries is still challenging and requires a synergy of the multiple factors including reaction mechanisms, electrodes, and electrolytes. In this Review, we comprehensively summarize the rational design strategies, and critically analyze the positive effects and potential issues in optimizing the electrochemistry, cathode materials, electrolytes and device architecture. At the end, the challenges and prospects for the further development of high-energy-density zinc batteries are outlined to guide the research towards new-generation batteries for household appliance, low-speed electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage system.

Design Strategies for High-Energy-Density Aqueous Zinc Batteries.

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have captured a surge of interest in recent years as a promising alternative for scalable energy storage applications owing to the intrinsic safety, affordability, environmental benignity, and impressive electrochemical performance. Despite the facilitated development of this technology by many investigations, however, its smooth implementation is still plagued by inadequate energy density and undesirable life span, which calls for an efficient and controllable cathode storage chemistry. Here, this review focuses on the key bottlenecks by offering a comprehensive summary of representative cathode materials and comparatively analyzing their structural features and electrochemical properties. Then, we critically present several feasible electrode design strategies to guide future research activities from a fundamental perspective for high-energy-density and durable cathode materials mainly in terms of interlayer regulation, defect engineering, multiple redox reactions, activated two-electron reactions, and electrochemical activation and conversion. Finally, we outline the remaining challenges and future perspectives of developing high-performance AZIBs.

Advances and Perspectives of Cathode Storage Chemistry in Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Benefiting from loose assembly conditions, a high level of safety and environmentally friendly characteristics, rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) have attracted significant attention. The electrochemical kinetics and performance of the AZIBs are greatly affected by water in electrolytes or electrode materials. The corrosion and passivation of the Zn electrode caused by the inevitable solvation process of water molecules can lead to the growth of dendrites, thus resulting in a limited cycle life. Moreover, water in the electrode material, whether in the form of structural water or co-intercalated hydrated cations, can greatly affect the electrochemical behavior due to its small size, high polarity and hydrogen bonding. Unlike previous reports, this review focuses on the roles of water molecules during electrochemical processes in AZIBs. We comprehensively summarize the influencing mechanisms of water molecules during the energy storage process from the perspectives of the electrolyte, Zn anode, and cathode materials, and further include the basic theory, modification methods, and practical applications. The mystery concerning the water molecules and the electrochemical performance of AZIBs is revealed herein, and we also propose novel insights and actionable methods regarding the potential future directions in the design of high-performance AZIBs.

Comprehensive understanding of the roles of water molecules in aqueous Zn-ion batteries: from electrolytes to electrode materials

Understanding the Design Principles of Advanced Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Battery Cathodes: From Transport Kinetics to Structural Engineering, and Future Perspectives

The lack of suitable cathodes is one of the key reasons that impede the development of aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Because of the inherently unsuitable structure and inferior physicochemical proper...

Anodic Oxidation Strategy toward Structure-Optimized V2O3 Cathode via Electrolyte Regulation for Zn-Ion Storage

Summary Due to the low cost and high energy density, the room temperature (RT) Na/S battery system is deemed as one of the best potential energy-storage systems. However, various issues still severely hinder its practical applications, especially the shuttle effect caused by soluble sodium polysulfides (NaPSs) and the low conversion efficiency of S8 and Na2S2/Na2S in S cathodes. Recently, various strategies were adopted into RT-Na/S batteries to boost the electrochemical kinetics of S cathodes, which are capable of significantly accelerating (or altering) the redox process and mitigating the shuttle effect of S cathodes. Herein, the representative works have been systematically reviewed, with emphasis on the roles of carbon-based hosts, covalent S composites, catalytic metal-modified hosts, and other functional components. Furthermore, the future challenges and research directions for the S cathodes have also been prospected in detail to provide guideline for the development of RT-Na/S batteries.

Boosting electrochemical kinetics of S cathodes for room temperature Na/S batteries

Lithium–sulfur batteries are promising candidates for the next generation of energy storage systems owing to their high energy density, low toxicity and abundant reserves of sulfur. However, sulfur has poor conductivity, large volume change during charge/discharge, and more importantly, the intermediate polysulfide (Li2Sn, 3 ≤ n≤8) produced in the cycling process is easily soluble in the electrolyte resulting in the “shuttle effect”, which have greatly limited the commercialization of lithium–sulfur batteries. Therefore, it is of great value to develop optimized sulfur cathode materials to improve electrode conductivity, buffer volume change and restrain the diffusion of polysulfide. In this work, we construct a V-MOF (MIL-47) derived V2O3@C hollow microcuboid with a hierarchical lasagna-like structure through hydrothermal synthesis followed by calcination, and employ it as a sulfur host for the first time. The fast anchoring of polysulfide by V2O3 nanoparticles and the high electronic conductivity of the 3D carbon framework can simultaneously inhibit the “shuttle effect” in the charge–discharge process and accelerate the kinetics of the redox process. Moreover, the special lasagna-like structure with appropriate voids generated during calcination not only provides many sites for sulfur loading, but also effectively alleviates the volume expansion problem during the electrochemical reaction. Therefore, the final fabricated sulfur cathode via the melt impregnation method exhibits good cycling stability (62.3% after 1000 cycles at 1C) and rate performance (663 mA h g−1 at 2C) at a relatively high sulfur loading of 3.7 mg cm−2.

A MIL-47(V) derived hierarchical lasagna-structured V2O3@C hollow microcuboid as an efficient sulfur host for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

A rational VO2 nanotube/graphene binary sulfur host for superior lithium-sulfur batteries

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ente.202100655

Graphene‐Modified Mesoporous Iron Phosphate as Superior Binary Sulfur Host for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

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