Hepatitis B

Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is an easily quantifiable and inexpensive metabolic marker, which is often used to assess cardiovascular disease and diabetes However, there have been limited studies on the association between FPG and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk in nonobese people, especially in Chinese individuals The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between FPG and NAFLD in nonobese Chinese people with normal blood lipid levels In this prospective cohort study, 9767 nonobese participants with normal blood lipid levels without NAFLD were recruited and prospectively followed for 5 years The Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the risk factors of NAFLD Moreover, a Cox model with cubic spline functions and smooth curve fitting (the cubic spline smoothing) were used to identify the nonlinear association between FPG and NAFLD During the 5-year follow-up, 841 (861%) participants were diagnosed with NAFLD The good functional results (without NAFLD) estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method for 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years were 9884, 9535, 9167%, 8757 and 7486%, respectively Additionally, through the Cox proportional hazard model, after adjusting for other covariates, there was an independent positive correlation between FPG and increased NAFLD risk (HR:121, 95% CI:115–128, P   554, the risk of NAFLD increased by 50% (HR:110, 95% CI:102–118, P = 00159) compared with the left side of the inflection point and gradually leveled off In a nonobese Chinese population with normal lipid levels, there is an independent nonlinear association between FPG and NAFLD, and the increase in FPG may indicate an increased risk of NAFLD Additionally, this independent association is more obvious in the short stature population

/pdf/association-between-fasting-plasma-glucose-and-nonalcoholic-t79kdnwac8.pdf

Association between fasting plasma glucose and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a nonobese Chinese population with normal blood lipid levels: a prospective cohort study

http://www.journal-of-hepatology.eu/article/S0168827822029828/pdf

Entecavir plus Biejia-Ruangan compound reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE), magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), aspartate transaminase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis index based on 4 factors (FIB-4), and King’s...

Comparison of two-dimensional shear wave elastography, magnetic resonance elastography, and three serum markers for diagnosing fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B: a meta-analysis

The role of low frequency variants associated with telomere length homeostasis in chronic diseases and mortalities is relatively understudied in the East-Asian population. Here we evaluated low frequency variants, including 1,915,154 Asian specific variants, for leukocyte telomere length (LTL) associations among 25,533 Singapore Chinese samples. Three East Asian specific variants in/near POT1, TERF1 and STN1 genes are associated with LTL (Meta-analysis P 2.49×10−14–6.94×10−10). Rs79314063, a missense variant (p.Asp410His) at POT1, shows effect 5.3 fold higher and independent of a previous common index SNP. TERF1 (rs79617270) and STN1 (rs139620151) are linked to LTL-associated common index SNPs at these loci. Rs79617270 is associated with cancer mortality [HR95%CI = 1.544 (1.173, 2.032), PAdj = 0.018] and 4.76% of the association between the rs79617270 and colon cancer is mediated through LTL. Overall, genetically determined LTL is particularly associated with lung adenocarcinoma [HR95%CI = 1.123 (1.051, 1.201), Padj = 0.007]. Ethnicity-specific low frequency variants may affect LTL homeostasis and associate with certain cancers. Xuling Chang et al. study whether low frequency variants are associated with leukocyte telomere length and whether these variants predispose to incident cancers and mortalities among East Asians. They find that three East Asian specific variants at POT1, TERF1 and STN1 loci are associated with leukocyte telomere length and report a mechanistic pathway linking TERF1, leukocyte telomere length and incident colon cancer.

/pdf/low-frequency-variants-associated-with-leukocyte-telomere-r6w4ttw94n.pdf

Low frequency variants associated with leukocyte telomere length in the Singapore Chinese population.

Unreliable Estimation of Fibrosis Regression During Treatment by Liver Stiffness Measurement in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B.

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) causes liver fibrosis and then liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which can result in life-threatening complications, such as gastrointestinal bleeding and liver failure (1,2). In the algorithm for management of CHB, early and accurate diagnosis of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis is particularly important to guide the preventive strategy of their related complications (3). Currently, liver biopsy remains the gold standard approach for staging liver fibrosis, but is often limited by its invasiveness, poor acceptance, sampling variability, and complications (4,5). In addition, repeated biopsy is often unacceptable for dynamic assessment of progression and regression of liver fibrosis. In this setting, the physicians have paid more and more attention to noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis by physical examinations, routine biochemical and hematological tests, and surrogate serum fibrosis markers (6,7). Several noninvasive models have been developed, such as the FibroTest (8), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AAR) (9), AST to platelet index (APRI) (10), and Hepascore (11), etc. However, their diagnostic accuracy is not satisfactory. For example, the evidence from meta-analyses of 37 articles suggested that the APRI had moderate diagnostic performance for significant fibrosis, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis in patients with CHB with summary areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of less than 0.8 (12). Some components included in these models, such as haptoglobin, α2-macroglobulin, and apolipoprotein A1, are not routinely available in clinical practice. It has been reported that liver stiffness measurement (LSM) may have a higher diagnostic accuracy for assessment of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis than serum biomarkers in patients with CHB (13,14), but its usefulness is often questioned in some specific population (i.e., obesity and ascites) (15). In addition, the performance of noninvasive markers for diagnosing middle stages of fibrosis is reduced (16).

We have conducted a Chinese multicenter cross-sectional study involving 1,200 patients with CHB to develop and validate a noninvasive program (i.e., Chin-CHB score) for accurately differentiating liver fibrosis stage by stage based on 30 routinely available parameters.

A Novel Noninvasive Program for Staging Liver Fibrosis in Untreated Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B.

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Unreliable Estimation of Fibrosis Regression During Treatment by Liver Stiffness Measurement in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B.

A Novel Noninvasive Program for Staging Liver Fibrosis in Untreated Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B.