Poly(butylene Succinate) (PBS): materials, processing, and industrial applications

Polypropylene carbonate (PPC)/polybutylene succinate (PBS) blends were prepared by melt-blending with terminal epoxy-based hyperbranched polymers (EHBP) as modifier. The thermal properties, mechanical properties, rheological properties and fracture morphology were characterized by dynamic thermomechanical analyzer (DMA), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), electronic universal testing machine, rotating rheometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Upon addition of EHBP, the difference between the glass transition temperature of PPC and PBS became smaller, indicating the compatibility of PPC and PBS were improved by EHBP. Furthermore, by adding 0.5phr of EHBP, the impact strength increased from 9.55 to 17.31 kJ/m2, the elongation at break increased from 136.29 to 204.39%, and the tensile strength increased from 10.00 to 16.84 MPa. The fracture surface of the PPC/PBS blends became rough with the increase of EHBP, even with large filamentous structures and tiny holes, which further demonstrated that EHBP acted as an excellent toughening effect on PPC/PBS. Gel content analysis confirmed that both physical and chemical micro-crosslinking were formed after incorporation of EHBP.

Reinforcing and Toughening Modification of PPC/PBS Blends Compatibilized with Epoxy Terminated Hyperbranched Polymers

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/mame.200390059

Macromolecular Reaction Engineering

Fiber-reinforcement is a well-established technique to enhance the tensile properties of polymer composites, which is achieved via changing the reinforcing material concentration and orientation. However, the conventional method can be costly and may lead to poor compatibility issues. To overcome these challenges, we demonstrate the use of micro-/nanolayer (MNL) extrusion technology to tune the mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP)/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibrillar blends. PET nanofibers-in-PP microfiber composites, with 3, 7, and 15 wt.% PET, are first prepared using a spunbond system to induce high aspect-ratio PET nanofibers. The PP/PET fibers are then reprocessed in an MNL extrusion system and subjected to shear and extensional flow fields in the channels of the uniquely designed layer multipliers. Increasing the mass flow rate and number of multipliers is shown to orient the PET nanofibers along the machine direction (MD), as confirmed via scanning electron microscopy. Tensile tests reveal that up to a 45% and 46% enhancement in elastic modulus and yield strength are achieved owing to the highly aligned PET nanofibers along the MD under strongest processing conditions. Overall, the range of tensile properties obtained using MNL extrusion implies that the properties of fiber-reinforced composites can be further tuned by employing this processing technique.

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/12/11/2585/pdf

Tunable Tensile Properties of Polypropylene and Polyethylene Terephthalate Fibrillar Blends through Micro-/Nanolayered Extrusion Technology.

In this paper, lignin-based polyurethane (LPU) films were successfully prepared by tape casting using modified alkaline lignin instead of partial polycarbonate diol (PCDL) in reaction with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), with diethylene glycol (DEG) as chain extender and dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) as catalyst. The factors influencing the hydroxylation modification of alkali lignin were discussed, and the optimal reaction conditions were determined: reaction temperature of 50°C, reaction time of 60 min, hydrogen peroxide to lignin mass ratio of 1.2:1, and iron hydroxide to alkali lignin mass ratio of 2%. The lignin-based polyurethane films with different R values were also prepared by changing the ratio of isocyanate groups to hydroxyl groups (R-value), and the effects of different R values on the polyurethane properties were investigated. It was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical property tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), moisture and oxygen permeability property tests, and UV spectroscopy tests. The results show that changing the R-value can improve the mechanical properties, thermal stability, barrier properties, and UV shielding properties of polyurethane materials. When the R-value is 1.8, the lignin-based polyurethane film material has the best performance. 

Preparation and properties of lignin-based polyurethane materials

Effect of draw ratio on the morphologies and properties of in situ microfibrillar POE/PTT composites

Double yielding behavior of in situ microfibrillar polyolefin elastomer/poly(lactic acid) composites: Effect of microfibrillar morphology

Biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/poly(lactic acid) (PBAT/PLA) composites were prepared by melt blending, and chain extender was used to improve the compatibility of PBAT/PLA bl...

Effect of chain extender on morphologies and properties of PBAT/PLA composites:

Poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) blended with poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) with chain extender (CE) was prepared by melt mixing. Mechanical properties of PPC/PBS composites showed that the additio...

Enhanced properties of the poly(propylene carbonate)/poly(butylene succinate) composites with chain extender

In situ microfibrillar ethylene–octene copolymer (POE)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites (MFCs) with different phase morphologies were prepared by controlling the stretching speed and maintaining ...

Effect of stretching speed on morphologies and properties of in situ microfibrillar POE/PLA composites:

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