Tourism as a dementia treatment based on positive psychology

IgG glycans in health and disease: Prediction, intervention, prognosis, and therapy.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/dad2.12309

Glycosylation alterations in serum of Alzheimer's disease patients show widespread changes in N‐glycosylation of proteins related to immune function, inflammation, and lipoprotein metabolism

A key lesson emerging from COVID-19 is that pandemic proofing planetary health against future ecological crises calls for systems science and preventive medicine innovations. With greater proximity of the human and animal natural habitats in the 21st century, it is also noteworthy that zoonotic infections such as COVID-19 that jump from animals to humans are increasingly plausible in the coming decades. In this context, glycomics technologies and the third alphabet of life, the sugar code, offer veritable prospects to move omics systems science from discovery to diverse applications of relevance to global public health and preventive medicine. In this expert review, we discuss the science of glycomics, its importance in vaccine development, and the recent progress toward discoveries on the sugar code that can help prevent future infectious outbreaks that are looming on the horizon in the 21st century. Glycomics offers veritable prospects to boost planetary health, not to mention the global scientific capacity for vaccine innovation against novel and existing infectious agents.

COVID-19 and Preparing Planetary Health for Future Ecological Crises: Hopes from Glycomics for Vaccine Innovation.

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a crucial complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and has important clinical implications in guiding treatment. N-glycosylation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) plays a key role in the development of SLE by affecting the balance of anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory responses. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of IgG N-glycosylation for diagnosing LN in a sample of female SLE patients.This case-control study recruited 188 women with SLE, including 94 patients with LN and 94 age-matched patients without LN. The profiles of plasma IgG N-glycans were detected by hydrophilic interaction chromatography with ultra-performance liquid chromatography (HILIC-UPLC). A multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the associations between IgG N-glycans and LN. A diagnostic model was developed using the significant glycans as well as demographic factors. The performance of IgG N-glycans in the diagnosis of LN was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and the area under the curve (AUC) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.There were significant differences in 9 initial glycans (GP2, GP4, GP6, GP8, GP10, GP14, GP16, GP18 and GP23) between women with SLE with and without LN (P < 0.05). The levels of sialylated, galactosylated and fucosylated glycans were significantly lower in the LN patients than in the control group, while bisected N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) glycans were increased in LN patients (P < 0.05). GP8, GP10, GP18, and anemia were included in our diagnostic model, which performed well in differentiating female SLE patients with LN from those without LN (AUC = 0.792, 95% CI: 0.727 to 0.858).Our findings indicate that decreased sialylation, galactosylation, and core fucosylation and increased bisecting GlcNAc might play a role in the development of LN by upregulating the proinflammatory response of IgG. IgG N-glycans can serve as potential biomarkers to differentiate individuals with LN among SLE patients.

Association between immunoglobulin G N-glycosylation and lupus nephritis in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) functionality can drastically change from anti- to proinflammatory by alterations in the IgG N-glycan patterns. Our previous studies have demonstrated that IgG N-glycans associated with the risk factors of dementia, such as aging, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and ischemic stroke. Therefore, the aim is to investigate whether the effects of IgG N-glycan profiles on dementia exists in a Chinese Han population. A case-control study, including 81 patients with dementia, 81 age- and gender-matched controls with normal cognitive functioning (NC) and 108 non-matched controls with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was performed. Plasma IgG N-glycans were separated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Fourteen glycan peaks reflecting decreased of sialylation and core fucosylation, and increased bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) N-glycan structures were of statistically significant differences between dementia and NC groups after controlling for confounders (p < 0.05; q < 0.05). Similarly, the differences for these 14 initial glycans were statistically significant between AD and NC groups after adjusting for the effects of confounders (p < 0.05; q < 0.05). The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) value of the model consisting of GP8, GP9, and GP14 was determined to distinguish dementia from NC group as 0.876 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.815-0.923] and distinguish AD from NC group as 0.887 (95% CI: 0.819-0.936). Patients with dementia were of an elevated proinflammatory activity via the significant changes of IgG glycome. Therefore, IgG N-glycans might contribute to be potential novel biomarkers for the neurodegenerative process risk assessment of dementia.

/pdf/association-of-dementia-with-immunoglobulin-g-n-glycans-in-a-4uk9gh9ydz.pdf

Association of dementia with immunoglobulin G N-glycans in a Chinese Han Population

Introduction Recent studies have shown much progress in the research of exosomes in AIDs. However, there is no bibliometric analysis in this research field. This study aimed to provide a bibliometrics review of the knowledge structure and research hotspots of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in autoimmune diseases (AIDs). Methods Articles relevant to NETs in AIDs from 2010 to 2022 were retrieved through the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. This bibliometric analysis was performed by VOSview, CiteSpace, and Scimago Graphica. Results A total of 289 papers analyzed in this research were from 493 organizations in 47 countries by 1537 authors. They were published in 133 journals and cited 20,180 citations from 2,465 journals. The number of annual publications in this field is growing steadily and rapidly, with the United States, China and Germany leading the research effort. Frontiers in Immunology and Journal of Immunology have significantly impacted research in this field. Kaplan, Mariana J, from the National Institutes of Health (The United States), has the most published articles, and Brinkmann, v, from Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology (Germany), is the most co-cited author. Systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis are the leading topics in this field. The trend of clinical application in the future is the development of new therapies by controlling NETs in the progression of AIDs. Conclusions Our study summarized the research trends and developments of NETs in AIDs in recent years and would provide a reference for scholars in this field.

/pdf/neutrophil-extracellular-traps-in-autoimmune-diseases-21ry4n0z.pdf

Neutrophil extracellular traps in autoimmune diseases: Analysis of the knowledge map

The application fields of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) depend on their field-effect mobility (μ). The low-voltage operation and good operating stability are the prerequisites for the practical applications of OTFTs. To date, it is still a huge challenge to obtain low-voltage operable OTFTs with high μ and good operating stability at the same time. In this work, we elaborately design and process a tri-layer gate dielectric, for pursuing the low-voltage operable, high-performance flexible OTFTs. The effects of the gate dielectrics on the device performances and the relevant mechanisms are discussed in detail. The tri-layer gate dielectric has a large gate capacitance per unit area, and simultaneously suppresses the polarization effect of the gate dielectric and the charge trapping at the interface and bulk of the gate dielectric, by which both the μ and the operating stability are significantly improved. As a result, the flexible OTFTs exhibit excellent figures of merit at low operating voltages below 4 V, with high μ up to 2.6 cm2 Vs−1, good bias stress stability with a negligible change of the channel current for 5000 s, and good mechanical flexibility with a negligible performance degradation after the tension bending for 1000 times at small curvature radii of both 5.0 mm and 3.0 mm in sequence. Our works provide a strategy for developing the high-performance flexible OTFTs with low-voltage operation, high μ and good operating stability simultaneously.

Highly stable, low-voltage operable high-mobility flexible organic thin-film transistors based on a tri-layer gate dielectric

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1095421.].

/pdf/corrigendum-neutrophil-extracellular-traps-in-autoimmune-21d4nvfc.pdf

Corrigendum: Neutrophil extracellular traps in autoimmune diseases: Analysis of the knowledge map

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Association of dementia with immunoglobulin G N-glycans in a Chinese Han Population

Neutrophil extracellular traps in autoimmune diseases: Analysis of the knowledge map

Highly stable, low-voltage operable high-mobility flexible organic thin-film transistors based on a tri-layer gate dielectric

Corrigendum: Neutrophil extracellular traps in autoimmune diseases: Analysis of the knowledge map