Juvenile survival and dispersal rates are important demographic parameters in predicting the viability of avian populations, but estimates are seldom available because mortality is usually confounded with permanent natal dispersal in analyses of live-encounter data. We used the Barker model for combined captures, recoveries, and resightings to estimate juvenile survival in fledgling Snowy Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) for the 6.5-to-10.5-month period between fledging at 28 days and 1 April the following year, on the central California coast, for a 16-year period, 1984-1999. By using a large body of year-round sighting data from throughout the species' Pacific-coast range, we estimated true survival and quantified natal dispersal rates and distances. Juvenile survival estimates varied annually between 0.283 ± 0.028 (mean ± SE) and 0.575 ± 0.061 with no trend over the study, and paralleled higher adult survival in our most parsimonious models. In comparison, annual survival of banded chicks from...

https://bioone.org/journals/The-Auk/volume-124/issue-3/0004-8038(2007)124[1023:SANDOJ]2.0.CO;2/SURVIVAL-AND-NATAL-DISPERSAL-OF-JUVENILE-SNOWY-PLOVERS-CHARADRIUS-ALEXANDRINUS/10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[1023:SANDOJ]2.0.CO;2.pdf

Survival and natal dispersal of juvenile snowy plovers (charadrius alexandrinus) in central coastal california

Juvenile survival and dispersal rates are important demographic parameters in predicting the viability of avian populations, but estimates are seldom available because mortality is usually confounded with permanent natal dispersal in analyses of live-encounter data. We used the Barker model for combined captures, recoveries, and resightings to estimate juvenile survival in fl edgling Snowy Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) for the 6.5-to-10.5-month period between fl edging at 28 days and 1 April the following year, on the central California coast, for a 16-year period, 1984-1999. By using a large body of year-round sighting data from through- out the species' Pacifi c-coast range, we estimated true survival and quantifi ed natal dispersal rates and distances. Juvenile survival estimates varied annually between 0.283 ± 0.028 (mean ± SE) and 0.575 ± 0.061 with no trend over the study, and paral- leled higher adult survival in our most parsimonious models. In comparison, annual survival of banded chicks from hatching to fl edging at age 28 days was 0.285-0.483 (° = 0.382 ± 0.014 SE) for those 16 years. Males were more likely to disperse from Monterey Bay for winter and females were more likely to disperse for breeding. Dispersal distances to breeding sites were usually within 10 km of natal sites (64%) and seldom >50 km (16%). The present study provides the fi rst estimate of true survival for a juvenile shorebird and new information on survival and dispersal rates that will be useful for modeling Snowy Plover population viability. Studies of local winter residents, focused on predator pressure and weather conditions, could further advance our understanding of factors determining Snowy Plover survival. Received 17 December 2004, accepted 14 September 2006.

SURVIVAL AND NATAL DISPERSAL OF JUVENILE SNOWY PLOVERS (CHARADRIUS ALEXANDRINUS) IN CENTRAL COASTAL CALIFORNIA LѦ nne E. Stenzel, 1 Gary W. Page, Jane C. Warriner, John S. Warriner,

. Snowy Plovers (Charadrius nivosus) nesting on edges of saline lakes within the Southern High Plains (SHP) of Texas are threatened by habitat degradation due to reduced artesian spring flow, making many saline lakes unsuitable for nesting and migrating shorebirds. Factors influencing nest success were evaluated, current nest success estimates in the SHP of Texas were compared to estimates obtained ten years prior, and causes and timing of nest failures determined. Overall, 215 nests were monitored from three saline lakes in 2008–2009, with nest success estimates from Program MARK ranging from 7–33% ( = 22%). The leading causes of nest failures were attributed to predation (40%) and weather (36%). Nest success was negatively influenced by number of plants within 707-cm2 plot, positively influenced by percent surface water availability, and at one saline lake, negatively influenced by day during the nesting season (i.e., nest success declined later in the nesting season). When compared to estimates...

Nest success of snowy plovers (Charadrius nivosus) in the Southern high plains of Texas

Trading transactions that were originally conventional began to change to the digital economy along with developments technology and the industrial era which is starting to enter the 4.0 era. Scheme E-commerce transactions between buyers and sellers occur through a digital platform, which is assisted by courier services. Revolution Industry 4.0 where every industrial activity will be integrated by IoT, Big data and cloud. With a SWOT analysis consisting of the four components namely Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threats will outline the points and analyse the growth of the world of E-commerce in the future industrial era 4.0 expected to open up new business opportunities for the younger generation in particular.

https://ejournal.sultanpublisher.com/index.php/ijec/article/download/33/7

Analysis of E-commerce Growth in the Industrial Age 4.0 in Indonesia

. Reduced nest survival has been suggested as a primary cause for the decline of Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus) populations. The fates of Snowy Plover nests (n = 589) were determined from five locations at the Great Salt Lake in Utah during the 2003, 2005–2010 and 2012 breeding seasons. A five-stage hierarchical modeling procedure was used, and five competing models (ΔAICc < 2) that best described variation in nest survival were identified. These competing models included the influences of study site and year with a quadratic time trend and covariates quantifying nest age, temperature, precipitation, distance to water control structures (dikes), and nesting substrate (barren mudflat, vegetation patches, or conspicuous objects). Among unsuccessful nests (45.6%; n = 277), the most common cause of failure was predation (72.9%), followed by weather and abandonment (10.5% and 10.1%, respectively). Daily nest survival rates ranged from 0.89 to 0.97 and varied annually and across sites. Nests located ...

https://bioone.org/journals/waterbirds/volume-38/issue-1/063.038.0108/Factors-Influencing-Snowy-Plover-Charadrius-nivosus-Nest-Survival-at-Great/10.1675/063.038.0108.pdf

Factors Influencing Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus) Nest Survival at Great Salt Lake, Utah

Quantitative SWOT analysis: A structured and collaborative approach to reintroduction site selection for the endangered Pacific pocket mouse

We conducted intensive surveys of breeding and wintering Snowy Plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) in San Diego County from 1994 through the winter of 1999. We found Snowy Plovers using 11 sites within the study area for nesting and at least 18 sites were used during winter months. Estimated breeding populations of Snowy Plovers within San Diego County fluctuated among years, and males always outnumbered females; fewer than 325 Snowy Plovers were present during any breeding season. Two sites consistently supported 65% of nesting pairs during this study, both at military installations. Nesting sites with fewer than five breeding pairs were unlikely to produce fledglings. Nest success over the entire area ranged from 50–58% and reproductive success was on average fewer than 0.5 fledglings produced per adult plover. Approximately 227–367 Snowy Plovers wintered within San Diego County from 1995–1999, which is within the range of winter population estimates from the mid-1980s. Neither breeding n...

https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-field-ornithology/volume-73/issue-2/0273-8570-73.2.156/Status-of-breeding-and-wintering-Snowy-Plovers-in-San-Diego/10.1648/0273-8570-73.2.156.pdf

Status of breeding and wintering Snowy Plovers in San Diego County, California, 1994-1999

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Quantitative SWOT analysis: A structured and collaborative approach to reintroduction site selection for the endangered Pacific pocket mouse

Status of breeding and wintering Snowy Plovers in San Diego County, California, 1994-1999