The PASCAL Visual Object Classes Challenge

Deep learning based object detection for resource constrained devices: Systematic review, future trends and challenges ahead

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Abstract Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved great success in many object detection tasks. However, such DNNS-based large object detection models are generally computationally expensive and memory intensive. It is difficult to deploy them to devices with low memory resources or scenarios with high real-time requirements, which greatly limits their application and promotion. In recent years, many researchers have focused on compressing large object detection models without significantly degrading their performance, and have made great progress. Therefore, this paper presents a survey of object detection model compression techniques in recent years. Firstly, these compression techniques were divided into six categories: network pruning, lightweight network design, neural architecture search (NAS), low-rank decomposition, network quantization, and Knowledge distillation (KD) methods. For each category, we select some representative state-of-the-art methods and compare and analyze their performance on public datasets. After that, we discuss the application scenarios and future directions of model compression techniques. Finally, this paper is further concluded by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of six types of model compression techniques. 

A survey of model compression strategies for object detection

The huge computational overhead limits the inference of convolutional neural networks on mobile devices for object detection, which plays a critical role in many real-world scenes, such as face identification, autonomous driving, and video surveillance. To solve this problem, this paper introduces a lightweight convolutional neural network, called RSANet: Towards Real-time Object Detection with Residual Semantic-guided Attention Feature Pyramid Network. Our RSANet consists of two parts: (a) Lightweight Convolutional Network (LCNet) as backbone, and (b) Residual Semantic-guided Attention Feature Pyramid Network (RSAFPN) as detection head. In the LCNet, in contrast to recent advances of lightweight networks that prefer to utilize pointwise convolution for changing the number of feature maps, we design a Constant Channel Module (CCM) to save the Memory Access Cost (MAC) and design Down Sampling Module (DSM) to save the computational cost. In the RSAFPN, meanwhile, we employ Residual Semantic-guided Attention Mechanism (RSAM) to fuse the multi-scale features from LCNet for improving detection performance efficiently. The experiment results show that, on PASCAL VOC 20007 dataset, RSANet only requires 3.24 M model size and needs only 3.54B FLOPs with a 416×416 input image. Compared to YOLO Nano, our method obtains a 6.7% improvement in accuracy and requires less computation. On MS COCO dataset, RSANet only requires 4.35 M model size and needs only 2.34B FLOPs with a 320×320 input image. Our method obtains a 1.3% improvement in accuracy compared to Pelee. The comprehensive experiment results demonstrate that our model achieves promising results in terms of available speed and accuracy trade-off.

RSANet: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Residual Semantic-Guided Attention Feature Pyramid Network

This paper introduces a lightweight convolutional neural network, called ECDet, for real-time accurate object detection. In contrast to recent advances of lightweight networks that prefer to use pointwise convolution for changing the number of feature map’s channel, ECDet makes an effort to design equal channel block for constructing the whole backbone network architecture. Meanwhile, we deploy depth-wise convolution to compress the feature pyramid network (FPN) detection head. The experiments show that ECDet only has 3.19 M model size and needs only 3.48B FLOPs with a 416×416 input image. Our method has a 5% improvement in accuracy compared to YOLO Nano, and it requires less computation. The comprehensive experiments demonstrate that our model achieves promising results in terms of available speed and accuracy trade-off on PASCAL VOC 2007 datasets.

ECDet: an efficient convolutional network for real-time object detection

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RSANet: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Residual Semantic-Guided Attention Feature Pyramid Network

ECDet: an efficient convolutional network for real-time object detection