Periodic nanostructures, a group of nanomaterials consisting of single or multiple nano units/components periodically arranged into ordered patterns (e.g., vertical and lateral superlattices), have attracted tremendous attention in recent years due to their extraordinary physical and chemical properties that offer a huge potential for a multitude of applications in energy conversion, electronic and optoelectronic applications. Recent advances in the preparation strategies of periodic nanostructures, including self-assembly, epitaxy, and exfoliation, have paved the way to rationally modulate their ferroelectricity, superconductivity, band gap and many other physical and chemical properties. For example, the recent discovery of superconductivity observed in "magic-angle" graphene superlattices has sparked intensive studies in new ways, creating superlattices in twisted 2D materials. Recent development in the various state-of-the-art preparations of periodic nanostructures has created many new ideas and findings, warranting a timely review. In this review, we discuss the current advances of periodic nanostructures, including their preparation strategies, property modulations and various applications.

Periodic nanostructures: preparation, properties and applications

Boosting potassium storage performance via construction of NbSe2–based misfit layered chalcogenides

ZrSiS-type materials represent a large material family with unusual coexistence of topological nonsymmorphic Dirac fermions and nodal-line fermions. As a special group of ZrSiS family, $\mathit{Ln}\mathrm{SbTe}$ ($Ln=\mathrm{lanthanide}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{rare}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{earth}$) compounds provide a unique opportunity to explore new quantum phases due to the intrinsic magnetism induced by $\mathit{Ln}$. Here we report the single-crystal growth and characterization of NdSbTe, a previously unexplored $\mathit{Ln}\mathrm{SbTe}$ compound. NdSbTe has an antiferromagnetic ground state with field-driven metamagnetic transitions similar to other known $\mathit{Ln}\mathrm{SbTe}$, but exhibits distinct enhanced electronic correlations characterized by large a Sommerfeld coefficient of $115\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mJ}/\mathrm{mol}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{K}}^{2}$, which is the highest among the known $\mathit{Ln}\mathrm{SbTe}$ compounds. Furthermore, our transport studies have revealed the coupling with magnetism and signatures of Kondo localization. All these findings establish NdSbTe as a platform for observing phenomena arising from the interplay between magnetism, topology, and electron correlations.

Electronic and magnetic properties of the topological semimetal candidate NdSbTe

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2019/cc/c9cc04919c

Superlattices based on van der Waals 2D materials

Low-temperature thermal conductivity measurements were performed on single crystal of PbTaSe$_2$, a noncentrosymmetric superconductor with topological bulk nodal lines in the electronic band structure. It is found that the residual linear term $\\kappa_0/T$ is negligible in zero magnetic field. Furthermore, the field dependence of $\\kappa_0/T$ exhibits a clear \"$S$\"-shape curve. These results suggest that PbTaSe$_2$ has multiple nodeless superconducting gaps. Therefore, the spin-triplet state with gap nodes does not play an important role in this noncentrosymmetric superconductor with strong spin-orbital coupling. The fully gapped superconducting state also meets the requirement of a topological superconductor, if PbTaSe$_2$ is indeed the case.

Multiple nodeless superconducting gaps in noncentrosymmetric superconductor PbTaSe$_{2}$ with topological bulk nodal lines

Single crystals of CeSbTe with a ZrSiS-type structure were synthesized using vapor transport method. The stoichiometry is deviated from the nominal composition, which may cause some disorder in this compound. The physical properties were characterized by measuring the magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, Hall resistivity and specific heat. One antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition related to Ce3+ ions was found at [Formula: see text] K, and a field-induced metamagnetic transition was observed below [Formula: see text]. The moderately enhanced Sommerfeld coefficient [Formula: see text] mJ mol-1 · K-2 and the estimated Kondo temperature [Formula: see text] K, indicate that CeSbTe is a moderately correlated AFM Kondo lattice compound with crystalline electric field effect. The carrier concentration of CeSbTe derived from the Hall coefficient is in the order of 1021 cm-3, lower than most Kondo metals, which indicates that CeSbTe is a low-carrier-density Kondo semimetal.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-648X/ab2498/pdf

Magnetic and transport properties of low-carrier-density Kondo semimetal CeSbTe.

The large size single crystals of (SnSe)1.16(NbSe2) misfit layered compound were grown and superconductivity with T c of 3.4 K was first discovered in this system. Powder x-ray diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscopy clearly display the misfit feature between SnSe and NbSe2 subsystems. The Sommerfeld coefficient γ inferred from specific-heat measurements is 16.73 mJ mol-1 K-2, slightly larger than the usual misfit compounds. The normalized specific heat jump [Formula: see text] is about 0.98, and the electron-phonon coupling constant [Formula: see text] is estimated to be 0.80. The estimated value of the in-plane upper critical magnetic field, [Formula: see text](0), is about 7.82 T, exceeding the Pauli paramagnetic limit slightly. Both the specific-heat and H c2 data suggest that (SnSe)1.16(NbSe2) is a multi-band superconductor.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-648X/aad575/pdf

Superconductivity in a misfit layered compound (SnSe)1.16(NbSe2).

The large size single crystals of (SnSe)$_{1.16}$(NbSe$_2$) misfit layered compound were grown and superconductivity with $T_c$ of 3.4 K was first discovered in this system. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) clearly display the misfit feature between SnSe and NbSe$_2$ subsystems. The Sommerfeld coefficient $\gamma$ inferred from specific-heat measurements is 16.73 mJ mol$^{-1}$ K$^{-2}$, slightly larger than the usual misfit compounds. The normalized specific heat jump $\Delta$$C_e$/$\gamma$$T_{\rm c}$ is about 0.98, and the electron-phonon coupling constant $\lambda$$_{e-ph}$ is estimated to be 0.80. The estimated value of the in-plane upper critical magnetic field, $H_{c2}^{ab}$(0), is about 7.82 T, exceeding the Pauli paramagnetic limit slightly. Both the specific-heat and $H_{c2}$ data suggest that (SnSe)$_{1.16}$(NbSe$_2$) is a multi-band superconductor.

Superconductivity in a misfit layered compound (SnSe)$_{1.16}$(NbSe$_2$)

Multi-band Superconductivity in a misfit layered compound (SnSe)1.16(NbSe2)2

We report the discovery of superconductivity with a maximum {\em T}$_c \approx$ 1.28 K in Br-doped (PbSe)$_{1.12}$(TaSe$_2$), which is a new misfit compound consisting of alternating layers of distorted rocksalt PbSe and dichalcogenide TaSe$_2$. It is found that the Br-doping is required for the formation of this misfit compound and superconductivity can be tuned by Br content.&#13; The large anisotropic parameter of resistivity ${\gamma}_\rho$ = ${\rho_c}$/${\rho_{ab}}$ $\approx$ 100 and that of upper critical field $\gamma_{H_{c2}}$ = $H_{c2}^{ab} /H_{c2}^{c}$ $\approx$ 10 are obtained. The estimated $c$-axis coherence length ${\xi}$$_c$ $\approx$ 6.3 nm, larger than the $c$-axis lattice constant, which implies that this compound is an anisotropic three-dimensional superconductor. The Hall coefficient measurements suggest that the charge transport is dominated by the&#13; hole-type charge carrier and there is a charge transfer from the PbSe layer to the conducting TaSe$_2$ layer. The small normalized&#13; specific heat jump $\Delta C/\gamma T_c$ = 1.16 and electron-phonon coupling constant $\lambda_{ep}$ $\approx$ 0.61 indicate that Br-doped (PbSe)$_{1.12}$(TaSe$_2$) is a weak-coupling BCS superconductor.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6668/aae7b6/pdf

Superconductivity in a misfit compound (PbSe)1.12(TaSe2)

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