Marine natural products.

Diversity of biologically active secondary metabolites from endophytic and saprotrophic fungi of the ascomycete order Xylariales.

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant microbial pathogens due to the continued misuse and overuse of antibiotics in agriculture and medicine is raising the prospect of a return to the preantibiotic days of medicine at the time of diminishing numbers of drug leads. The good news is that an increased understanding of the nature and extent of microbial diversity in natural habitats coupled with the application of new technologies in microbiology and chemistry is opening up new strategies in the search for new specialized products with therapeutic properties. This review explores the premise that harsh environmental conditions in extreme biomes, notably in deserts, permafrost soils and deep-sea sediments select for micro-organisms, especially actinobacteria, cyanobacteria and fungi, with the potential to synthesize new druggable molecules. There is evidence over the past decade that micro-organisms adapted to life in extreme habitats are a rich source of new specialized metabolites. Extreme habitats by their very nature tend to be fragile hence there is a need to conserve those known to be hot-spots of novel gifted micro-organisms needed to drive drug discovery campaigns and innovative biotechnology. This review also provides an overview of microbial-derived molecules and their biological activities focusing on the period from 2010 until 2018, over this time 186 novel structures were isolated from 129 representatives of microbial taxa recovered from extreme habitats.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jam.14386

Extreme environments: microbiology leading to specialized metabolites.

This paper reviews 116 new compounds with antifungal or antibacterial activities as well as 169 other known antimicrobial compounds, with a specific focus on January 2010 through March 2015 Furthermore, the phylogeny of the fungi producing these antibacterial or antifungal compounds was analyzed The new methods used to isolate marine fungi that possess antibacterial or antifungal activities as well as the relationship between structure and activity are shown in this review

Antibacterial and Antifungal Compounds from Marine Fungi

The invention relates to the technical field of medicines and provides a novel glycoside compound separated from radix glehniae. The compound has the following structural formula as shown in the specification. The invention also provides a preparation method of the glycoside compound and an application of the glycoside compound in the preparation of anti-inflammatory drugs.

Glycoside compound contained in radix glehniae as well as preparation method and application thereof

A new aromatic glycoside from Glehnia littoralis

Three new pimarane diterpenes, eutypellenoids A⁻C (1⁻3), together with a known compound, eutypenoid C (4), were isolated from the culture extract of Eutypella sp. D-1 derived from the Arctic region. Compounds 1⁻3 possessed an uncommon tetrahydrofuran-fused pimarane diterpene skeleton. The structures of all compounds were determined by detailed spectroscopic analysis, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analysis, as well as a comparison with the literature data. Antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities of these compounds were evaluated. Compound 2 displayed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with MIC values of 8 and 8 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, compound 2 showed antifungal activity against Candidaparapsilosis, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Candida tropicalis with MIC values of 8, 8, 16, and 32 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, compound 2 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 cell line with IC50 value of 3.7 μM.

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/16/8/284/pdf

Eutypellenoids A–C, New Pimarane Diterpenes from the Arctic Fungus Eutypella sp. D-1

Biotransformation of total coumarins of Radix Glehniae by Lecanicillium attenuatum W-1-9.

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Glycoside compound contained in radix glehniae as well as preparation method and application thereof

A new aromatic glycoside from Glehnia littoralis

Eutypellenoids A–C, New Pimarane Diterpenes from the Arctic Fungus Eutypella sp. D-1

Biotransformation of total coumarins of Radix Glehniae by Lecanicillium attenuatum W-1-9.