Rationale and Design of the Diet, CKD, and Apolipoprotein L1 Study in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries.

Background: Based on the Diet, CKD, and ApolipoproteinL1 (DCA) study data, this cross-sectional study examines the relationship of food insecurity with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP). Very few studies have yet studied these associations in sub-Saharan African populations. Understanding the impact of food insecurity is crucial to guide care for patients with CKD. Methods: We recruited 570 participants with CKD (eGFR < 60mL/min/1.73m 2 , or albuminuria > 30 mg/g) from 7 centers in the H3Africa Kidney Disease study. We measured food insecurity using a standardized question, “Did you cut meals size/skip meals because there was insufficient money during the past year?” We used mixed-effect linear regression models with clinical centers as random intercepts. Outcomes were eGFR (CKD-EPI 2009 equation), SBP, and DBP. We analyzed factors associated with food insecurity using logistic regression with a random intercept for the clinical center. Results: The mean age for our population was 48.7 (SD = 17.5), and 47% were female. The prevalence of food insecurity in the DCA cohort was 28%, with the highest in Southeast Nigeria (69%, p<0.0001). Individuals with CKD stages 3-5 had the lowest prevalence of food insecurity (25%). The overall study population had no significant association of food insecurity with eGFR, SBP, or DBP (Table 1). Higher BMI (OR

Food Insecurity and High Blood Pressure Among Individuals with CKD in West Africa

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Rationale and Design of the Diet, CKD, and Apolipoprotein L1 Study in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries.

Food Insecurity and High Blood Pressure Among Individuals with CKD in West Africa