Practitioners' preparation for, attitudes toward, and experience of the therapeutic relationship and use of self were explored using a survey study with a random sample of 1,000 American Occupational Therapy Association members Participants reported a high value for the therapeutic relationship and use of self; most felt that they were inadequately trained and that the field lacks sufficient knowledge in these areas Regardless of practitioners' age, gender, experience level, setting, treatment intensity, and client impairment, those who placed higher value on the use of self and had more training related to the therapeutic use of self were more likely to report interpersonal difficulties and feelings of positive regard for clients and were more likely to report concerns about clients The findings suggest that more attention needs to be paid to the therapeutic relationship and to the therapeutic use of self in education and in research

Therapeutic use of self: a nationwide survey of practitioners' attitudes and experiences.

We conducted this systematic review, one of four related to productive aging, to explore the existing evidence for the health benefits of engagement in occupations and activities among older adults. The review incorporates the breadth of areas of occupation in which older adults engage and the range of health benefits derived from that engagement. The results of this review demonstrate the multidisciplinary appreciation for occupational engagement and associated well-being and elucidate the health effects of engagement in a wide variety of occupations and activities. Additionally, the results of this systematic review support occupational therapy's historical ideologies and core philosophies linking occupational engagement to improved health and well-being. The findings suggest an increasing role for occupational therapy service delivery in community-based health promotion and prevention efforts to meet the everyday activity and health needs of the growing older adult population.

Systematic Review of Occupational Engagement and Health Outcomes Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Culture influences occupation as well as perceptions of health, illness, and disability. Therapists are aware of the need to address culture in interventions. However, definitions of culture can be unclear, providing little guidance to therapists about how to recognize its effects in therapeutic encounters. A pragmatic definition of culture as emergent in everyday interactions of individuals encourages reconsideration of the main elements of culture, that it is learned, shared, patterned, evaluative, and persistent but changeable. Understanding of culture as emergent in interaction, including therapeutic intervention, suggests three important characteristics that therapists can cultivate to enhance clinical encounters: careful attention, active curiosity, and self-reflection and evaluation.

Culture emergent in occupation.

Occupational therapy is a profession which is based upon many beliefs about occupation. One belief is that engagement in occupation can pro- mote physical and mental health. This belief appears to support the profession's jurisdictional claim to the use and application of occupa- tion in psychosocial practice. A review of the psychosocial occupa- tional therapy literature yielded few empirical studies which addressed the use of occupation-as-means to mental health. A discrepancy exists between what the profession theo- retically advances about occupation and the research conducted in this area. This discrepancy is highlighted as a possible explanation for the lack of recognition of the value of occupational therapy in mental health and is forwarded as a poten- tial risk to the profession's jurisdic- tional claim to the use and applica- tion of occupation. A call to research is advanced to develop a knowledge base on occupation, to empirically support the use of occupation as therapy, and to secure a unique role for occupational therapy in psy- chosocial practice.

Occupation-as-means to mental health: A review of the literature, and a call for research

The labyrinth of community mental health: In search of meaningful occupation.

/pdf/occupation-therapy-a-manual-for-nurses-1tq8wf7ht0.pdf

Occupation Therapy, A Manual for Nurses

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Occupation Therapy, A Manual for Nurses