Stretchable UV-curable (SUV) elastomers can be stretched by up to 1100% and are suitable for digital-light-processing (DLP)-based 3D-printing technology. DLP printing of these SUV elastomers enables the direct creation of highly deformable complex 3D hollow structures such as balloons, soft actuators, grippers, and buckyball electronical switches.

Highly Stretchable and UV Curable Elastomers for Digital Light Processing Based 3D Printing.

Fluorescence spectroscopy on a series of aqueous solutions of poly(acrylic acid) containing a luminescent label showed that polymers with molar mass, Mn < 16.5 kDa did not exhibit a pH responsive conformational change, which is typical of higher molar mass poly(acrylic acid). Below this molar mass, polymers remained in an extended conformation, regardless of pH. Above this molar mass, a pH-dependent conformational change was observed. Diffusion-ordered nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy confirmed that low molar mass polymers did not undergo a conformational transition, although large molar mass polymers did exhibit pH-dependent diffusion.

/pdf/the-ph-responsive-behaviour-of-poly-acrylic-acid-in-aqueous-chp23b4odf.pdf

The pH-responsive behaviour of poly(acrylic acid) in aqueous solution is dependent on molar mass

Adopting self-healing, robust, and stretchable materials is a promising method to enable next-generation wearable electronic devices, touch screens, and soft robotics. Both elasticity and self-healing are important qualities for substrate materials as they comprise the majority of device components. However, most autonomous self-healing materials reported to date have poor elastic properties, i.e., they possess only modest mechanical strength and recoverability. Here, a substrate material designed is reported based on a combination of dynamic metal-coordinated bonds (β-diketone-europium interaction) and hydrogen bonds together in a multiphase separated network. Importantly, this material is able to undergo self-healing and exhibits excellent elasticity. The polymer network forms a microphase-separated structure and exhibits a high stress at break (≈1.8 MPa) and high fracture strain (≈900%). Additionally, it is observed that the substrate can achieve up to 98% self-healing efficiency after 48 h at 25 °C, without the need of any external stimuli. A stretchable and self-healable dielectric layer is fabricated with a dual-dynamic bonding polymer system and self-healable conductive layers are created using polymer as a matrix for a silver composite. These materials are employed to prepare capacitive sensors to demonstrate a stretchable and self-healable touch pad.

An Elastic Autonomous Self-Healing Capacitive Sensor Based on a Dynamic Dual Crosslinked Chemical System

Amino-functionalized graphene oxide was reacted with isocyanate monomer to evaluate the potential application of GO-NH2 as a functional filler for the preparation of polyurethane nanocomposites. A set of advanced techniques (XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and TEM) was used to characterize the functionalized samples, together with elemental analysis and XPS, which provided valuable information on the total N content and the nitrogen (chemical) speciation, respectively. In addition, a simple and fast spectrophotometric method was developed for the estimation of accessible amino groups (functional speciation). The method is based on the interaction of NH2 groups with the anionic dye acid orange 7 under appropriate conditions (pH = 3.6) and shows good precision. It can be advantageously used for the fast evaluation of the GO-NH2 reactivity with isocyanate monomer and its applicability as the polymer filler.

/pdf/determination-of-amino-groups-on-functionalized-graphene-3os80j37tf.pdf

Determination of amino groups on functionalized graphene oxide for polyurethane nanomaterials: XPS quantitation vs. functional speciation

Fatty Acid-Derived Diisocyanate and Biobased Polyurethane Produced from Vegetable Oil: Synthesis, Polymerization, and Characterization

The effect of hydrogen bonding on the phase behavior of a chemically similar polyurethane and polyurea and their blends with poly(ethylene glycol) is examined. The polyurethane and polyurea were synthesized from the same diisocyanate, 1,5-diisocyanato-2-methylpentane, using an aromatic diol and aromatic diamine, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the distribution of hydrogen bonds in these polymers and their blends. The distribution of hydrogen bonds in the polyurethane homopolymer was found to be quite similar to that found in an amorphous polyurethane studied previously in this laboratory. However, upon annealing, some sort of ordered structure was detected spectroscopically. The polyurea formed an equivalent ordered structure much more readily at room temperature. Ordered hydrogen-bonded domains were also detected in the spectra of the blends, either after an extended time at room temperature or after annealing at an elevated temperature. The formation of ord...

A Comparison of Hydrogen Bonding and Order in a Polyurethane and Poly(urethane−urea) and Their Blends with Poly(ethylene glycol)

The use of diffuse reflection (DR) techniques to obtain the Fourier transform infrared spectra of powdered samples was introduced by Fuller and Griffiths more than 25 years ago,1,2 and it has subsequently become a routine method of analysis. Typically, a few milligrams of a ground sample are mixed with 200 to 300 mg of KBr and held in a cup placed at the focal point of a diffuse reflection accessory. The reflectance spectrum is obtained by calculating the ratio of the single beam spectrum of this sample to the corresponding spectrum of a sample of pure KBr prepared in the same way. Provided that the sample is thick enough (the ‘‘infinite depth’’ criterion), spectra obtained in this way are assumed to be equivalent to the reflectance spectra that would be recorded from an infinitely thick sample, R`. The Kubelka–Munk spectrum, f (R`), is then calculated as:

Effect of hydration on band intensities in diffuse infrared spectra of samples in alkali halide matrices.

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A Comparison of Hydrogen Bonding and Order in a Polyurethane and Poly(urethane−urea) and Their Blends with Poly(ethylene glycol)

Effect of hydration on band intensities in diffuse infrared spectra of samples in alkali halide matrices.