Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) is a rare malignant tumor, accounting for only 0.17-15% of gastric cancers. Patients are often diagnosed at an advanced disease stage, and their symptoms are similar to conventional gastric cancer (CGC) without specific clinical manifestation. Morphologically, HAC has identical morphology and immunophenotype compared to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This is considered to be an underestimation in diagnosis due to its rare incidence, and no consensus is reached regarding therapy. HAS generally presents with more aggressive behavior and worse prognosis than CGC. The present review summarizes the current literature and relevant knowledge to elaborate on the epidemic, potential mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and prognosis to help clinicians accurately diagnose and treat this malignant tumor.

/pdf/hepatoid-adenocarcinoma-of-the-stomach-current-perspectives-4iszuhbro9.pdf

Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach: Current Perspectives and New Developments.

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) is an extremely rare and unique gastric malignancy. The present study aimed to examine the relevance of the clinicopathological characteristics of HAS with patient prognosis. We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 34 HAS patients treated at our institution between January 2010 and December 2016, as well as 294 cases reported prior to 2017 in research databases. Among these patients, 45.6% (115/252) had lesions in the gastric antrum and 77.0% (235/305) were male. Elevated levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were detected in most patients (75/93, 80.6%). Vascular invasion (199/286, 69.6%), lymph node metastasis (222/283, 78.4%), and preoperative distant metastasis (121/328, 36.9%) were commonly observed. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were 20.7% and 29.2%, respectively. DFS and DSS of patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy were significantly higher than those of patients receiving postoperative adjuvant therapy [DFS: P<0.001, hazard ratio (HR)=-1.831, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.060-0.429; DSS: P<0.001, HR=-2.185, 95% CI: 0.032-0.401]. In conclusion, HAS exhibits distinct clinicopathological characteristics and a strikingly worse prognosis when compared with common gastric cancer. Complete surgery, early pTNM stage, and adjuvant therapy may predict a more favorable prognosis. Neoadjuvant therapy is strongly recommended for patients with lymph node metastasis or/and preoperative distant metastasis.

Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach: Evaluation of a Pooled Case Series

Reconnoitre ameloblastic carcinoma: A prognostic update.

Purpose of review This review analyzes most recent data on the risk of central nervous system (CNS) dissemination and the efficacy of current strategies for CNS prophylaxis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Recent findings CNS dissemination still remains a rare but usually fatal complication of DLBCL. Although risk models for CNS involvement in DLBCL have been postulated on the basis of clinical findings such as more than one extranodal site, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status greater than 1, lactate dehydrogenase elevation in serum, B-symptoms, high international prognostic index score and involvement of specific sites their predictive value is relatively low. The choice of drugs and time-point for prophylaxis still remain to be defined; however, there is some evidence supporting the role of systemic CNS-penetrating chemotherapy, in particular high-dose methotrexate (>1 g/m2) in the early course of disease. A role for systemic rituximab has been postulated, however, with ambiguous results among studies. Summary Better identification of risk factors and disease variables associated with CNS involvement in DLBCL including biological and molecular parameters is urgently needed to reduce CNS recurrences through a well designed prophylaxis regimen and to avoid unnecessary intensive and toxic treatments.

Prevention of central nervous system relapses in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: which patients and how?

Contributor Index, Vol. 54, 2010

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare epithelial odontogenic tumor of the jaws, which exhibits cytological features of ameloblastoma and carcinoma. It has a distinct predilection for mandible. These lesions may initially show histologic features of ameloblastoma that dedifferentiate over time. Others may present with features of epithelial dedifferentiation in ameloblastoma. A case of ameloblastomic carcinoma in a 64-year-old male is reported, who presented with swelling in the left mandible 3 months after the extraction of the left upper molar.

Ameloblastic carcinoma: A case report and literature review.

A 50-year-old male patient presented with pain abdomen of 6 months duration. Computed tomography scan revealed a large mass in the stomach occluding the lumen. Histopathology revealed a triple composite tumor comprising of tubular adenocarcinoma arising on a background of high-grade dysplasia, hepatoid adenocarcinoma (positive for Hep Par-1 and alpha fetoprotein) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (positive for synaptophysin and chromogranin) with nodal metastasis.Triple composite tumors are distinctly rare with few reports in literature.

Triple composite tumor of stomach: A rare combination of alpha fetoprotein positive hepatoid adenocarcinoma, tubular adenocarcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

Mature cystic teratoma of the liver in an adult female

Background Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a malignant neoplasm of lymphoid tissues. Cervical lymphadenopathy is the most common head and neck presentation for HL. Although uncommon, extranodal HL observed at the time of diagnosis is well documented and is typically associated with generalized disease or local spread from adjacent lymph nodes. Primary osseous HL is very rare. Case A 23-year-old male presented with a solitary vertebral lesion as primary manifestation of HL. Conclusion HL should be remembered in the differential diagnosis of lytic lesions, especially involving the vertebrae and pelvic bones.

Solitary skeletal lesion as the primary manifestation of Hodgkin's lymphoma: a case report.

Background: Mature cystic teratomas are common neoplasms in young females, with the incidence of these growths reducing with advancing age. In most cases, dermoid cysts are unilateral, but they are bilateral in 10%–15% of cases. Unusual histopathologic changes in the form of various benign and malignant neoplasms are rare. Case: A case of a middle-age woman who had bilateral dermoid cysts is reported. On microscopic examination, in addition to there being definitive diagnostic features of a mature teratoma, a sebaceous adenoma was identified in one of the teratomas. Conclusions: Sebaceous adenoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma is a very unusual finding. Clinical behavior and prognosis of the patient is similar to that for a homonymous tumor arising elsewhere. (J GYNECOL SURG 27:265)

Sebaceous Adenoma Arising in a Mature Cystic Teratoma in a Middle-Age Woman: A Case Report

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