《小说文体分析》(Style in Fiction)是运用现代语言学的最新成果,对文学作品进行系统的文体分析的一部精采的教科书。随着语言学的日益发展,人们越来越多地把现代语言学的研究成果运用到文体学分析中来。1969年,利奇(Geoffrey N.Leech)发表了《英语诗歌语言分析入门》(A Linguistic Guideto English Poetry),用现代语言学的观点对

Style in Fiction:A Linguistic Introduction to English Fictional Prose

Syllable, segment and prosody

The Cambridge History of the Romance Languages

Introduction There is general recognition among Romanists of all theoretical persuasions (see Harris 1978:5f.; Bauer 1995:5; La Fauci 1997:11f. Zamboni 1998:128) that, in the passage from Latin to Romance, the morphosyntax of the emerging languages underwent significant changes in three fundamental areas of the grammar involving: (i) the nominal group; (ii) the verbal group; and (iii) the sentence. At a superficial level, the impact of such changes is most readily observable in: (i) the gradual reduction (e.g., medieval Gallo-Romance, Romanian) and/or eventual loss (e.g., Ibero-Romance, central-southern Italo-Romance) of the Latin morphological case system (see §6.2.2, and Sornicola, this volume, chapter 1: §3.1); (ii) the profusion of auxiliary verb structures (see §3.3.2) to mark such categories as tense (e.g., present perfectivity: Occ. ai dormit ‘I have slept’), aspect (e.g., continuous aspect: Srd. so kredende lit. ‘I am believing’), mood (e.g., epistemic modality: Cat. La pipa deu valer molt ‘the pipe must be worth a lot’) and voice (e.g., passive: Ro. sint invitaţi la un cocteil ‘they are invited to a cocktail party’); and (iii) the gradual shift from an original unmarked (S)OV word order (e.g., Lat. paulus librum scripsit ‘Paul wrote a book’) towards a fixed (S)VO (/V(S)O) order (e.g., Sp. (Pablo) escribio (Pablo) un libro ; see §3.2.2, and Salvi, this volume, chapter 7: §3.4.7).

Syntactic and morphosyntactic typology and change

This article describes the construction of a corpus of spoken French with a timedepthofacenturyandahalf,theRecitsdufrancaisquebecoisd’autrefois (RFQ). The folktales, local legends, and interviews constituting the RFQ were produced by speakers born between 1846 and 1895. They spoke the French of 19th-century rural Quebec, a variety shown to be replete with the vernacular structures and inherent variability of contemporary dialects. The authors review the advantages and drawbacks associated with this type of diachronic material, and argue that, exploited judiciously, it effectively represents an earlier stage of spoken French. They show how systematic comparison of the RFQ with contemporary vernaculars can help pinpoint the existence,date,anddirectionoflanguagechange.(Apparent-timeconstruct, CanadianFrench,corpusconstruction,diachronicdata,languagechange,linguistic variability, ne deletion, real time analysis, vernacular)*

/pdf/a-real-time-window-on-19th-century-vernacular-french-the-4dym05ajt7.pdf

A real-time window on 19th-century vernacular French: The Récits du français québécois d'autrefois

Postposition of the subject has been widely explored in the French language but only rarely in relation to the oral medium. It is strongly associated with written discourse of a more formal variety. Through an analysis of a corpus of oral narratives, this paper analyses postposition of the subject in contemporary French syntax and its relationship to questions of medium, register and genre. The paper explores the extent to which postposition occurs in the oral medium, incorporating findings from conversational narratives, traditional stories and contemporary storytelling. It analyses the typology of the most frequent types of example, the reasons why these types of postposition might occur in the discourse in question, and the extent to which questions of medium, register and genre play a role. The paper also discusses the implications for the future of this structure in oral varieties of French.

/pdf/postposition-of-the-subject-in-contemporary-french-an-3dnb38mpq2.pdf

Postposition of the Subject in Contemporary French: An Exploration of Medium, Register and Genre

Tense, Voices and Point of View in Medieval and Modern 'Oral' Narration

Discourse and Text

Oral Genres. Concepts and Complexities

This article discusses a number of problematic issues relating to the methodology involved in investigating a rare syntactic form. Three key areas are explored, namely fieldwork technique, sampling methodology and data analysis. Although the starting-point is a particular survey of a rare French tense, the questions raised are of more general relevance. In the light of previous research, both theoretical and practical sides of the issues are discussed and debated.

A Problem in Sociolinguistic Methodology: Investigating a Rare Syntactic Form

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