A review of water recovery by vapour permeation through membranes

An apparatus and method for maintaining a desired pressure within a fuel storage tank or tanks while minimizing or eliminating the amount of pollutants discharged from the fuel storage tank(s). A fuel storage tank is provided with a conduit and a chamber interfaced along the path of the conduit such that all fluid passing through the conduit must pass through the chamber. A fractionating membrane is housed within the chamber for capturing pollutants while allowing air to pass through. As pollutants are collected on the fractionating membrane, they permeate, thereby reducing the pressure in the tank and associated conduit. A vapor pump is provided for drawing vapor through the conduit and the membrane, and for drawing pollutants off of the membrane. A pressure transducer located in the tank or associated piping makes the vapor pump responsive to the pressure therein. A vent is further provided for allowing air into the tank and piping and for depressurizing the tank and piping. The apparatus of the present invention may be provided with a conduit for returning the pollutants to the fuel storage tank(s).

Fuel storage tank vent filter system

An apparatus reduces the pressure in a fuel tank ullage including a first conduit for connection to the fuel tank ullage, a vapor extractor, a pressure sensor to detect the pressure in the fuel tank ullage, a separation module having an inlet connected to the first conduit, a separation membrane, a permeate outlet separated from the inlet by the separation membrane, and a retentate outlet, a second conduit connected to the permeate outlet for connection to the fuel tank, a vapor pump associated with the second conduit for creating a low pressure in the separation module near the permeate outlet as to induce selected vapors to pass through the separation membrane, a vent associated with the retentate outlet to vent retentate to atmosphere, a hydrocarbon detector to detect hydrocarbon concentrations in the vent, and a controller to receive inputs from the pressure sensor and the hydrocarbon detector and output control signals to the vapor extractor and the vapor pump to pull vapor from the ullage when the pressure exceeds a pressure threshold and return permeate to the tank and permit relatively hydrocarbon-free air to be released through the vent, thereby reducing the pressure in the ullage.

Fuel tank ullage pressure reduction

An apparatus reduces the pressure in a volatile chemical tank ullage including a first conduit for connection to the volatile chemical tank ullage, a vapor extractor, a pressure sensor to detect the pressure in the volatile chemical tank ullage, a separation module having an inlet connected to the first conduit, a separation membrane, a permeate outlet separated from the inlet by the separation membrane, and a retentate outlet, a second conduit connected to the permeate outlet for connection to the volatile chemical tank, a vapor pump associated with the second conduit for creating a low pressure in the separation module near the permeate outlet as to induce selected vapors to pass through the separation membrane, a vent associated with the retentate outlet to vent retentate to atmosphere, a VOC detector to detect VOC concentrations in the vent, and a controller to receive inputs from the pressure sensor and the VOC detector and output control signals to the vapor extractor and the vapor pump to pull vapor from the ullage when the pressure exceeds a pressure threshold and return permeate to the tank and permit relatively VOC-free air to be released through the vent, thereby reducing the pressure in the ullage

Volatile organic chemical tank ullage pressure reduction

A fuel storage system is provided comprising at least one storage tank (12), an air exhaust port (14), a first filter assembly, a primary pump, a least one secondary pump, at least one additional filter assembly, and an additional secondary pump. The first filter assembly comprises a filter input port, a fuel vapor duct, a primary filter output port, and a secondary filter output port. The filter input port is coupled to a fluid vent port (20). The fuel vapor duct defines a flow path extending from the filter input port to a primary filter output port. The primary filter output port is coupled to a pollutant return port (22). The secondary filter output port is partitioned from the fuel vapor duct by an air-permeable partition. The primary pump is positioned to cause fluid to pass from the filter input port to the primary filter output port. The secondary pump(s) is/are positioned to cause the air component within the fuel vapor duct to pass through the air-permeable partition to the secondary filter output port. The additional filter input port is coupled to the secondary filter port. The additional secondary filter output port is coupled to the air exhaust port. The additional secondary pump is coupled to the additional filter assembly and is positioned to cause the air component within the additional fuel vapor duct to pass through an additional air-permeable partition to the exhaust port.

Fuel storage system with vent filter assembly

In an arrangement for removing water vapor from pressurized gases or gas mixtures, particularly from air, a membrane separating apparatus is provided wherein the gas-vapor stream is separated into a vapor-enriched permeate stream and a vapor-depleted retentate stream and the vapor enriched permeate stream is conducted to a vacuum pumping device for generating at the permeate side of the membrane separating apparatus a vacuum providing for a predetermined trans-membrane pressure ratio.

Arrangement for removing water vapor from pressurized gases or gas mixtures

In a method for separating a gas mixture above a liquid a separating device with a gas separation membrane having retentate side and a permeate side is employed. A vacuum at the retentate side of the gas separation membrane and a vacuum at the permeate side of the gas separation membrane are provided. The gas mixture, resulting from transferring a liquid from one storage container to another container upon contact with the surroundings, is fed to the retentate side of the gas separation membrane by the vacuum present at the retentate side and the permeate side. The flow volume per time unit of the gas mixture fed to the separating device is greater than a flow volume per time unit of the liquid being transferred. On the retentate side of the gas separation membrane a gas-diminished retentate is generated and on the permeate side of the gas separation membrane a gas-enriched permeate is produced. The flow volume per time unit of the permeate is equal to the flow volume per time unit of the liquid being transferred.

Method and device for separating gas mixtures formed above liquids

The proposal is for a process and device (10) for separating gas mixtures (12) formed above liquids (11), especially hydrocarbon gas mixtures, using separating device (13) having a gas separation diaphragm, on the retentate side (14) of which can be produced a mixture (retentate) from which one or more components have been removed and on the permeate side (15) of which can be produced a mixture (permeate) enriched with one or more components. The volumetric quantity of the gas mixture (12) to be separated conveyed per unit of time to the separating device (13) by depression of the permeate and residue sides, which is produced during the transfer of the liquid (11) through its contact with the ambient gas (18), is greater than that of the liquid (11) transferred per unit of time during the transfer process. The volumetric quantity per unit of time of the permeate (15) thereby produced is thus the same as or smaller than that of the liquid (11) transferred during the process. Pumping devices (16, 17) are connected, on the retenttate side and on the permeate side, to the separating device (13) to produce a pressure range for the proper operation of the separaint device (13) to produce a pressure record for the proper operation of the separating device (13) and to convey the gas mixture (12) to the separating device (13).

Process and device for separating gas mixtures formed above liquids

A method and apparatus is disclosed for separating a vapor-gas mixture formed above a liquid in a tank and which mixture is exhausted from the tank through an exhaust line in order to relieve overpressure in the tank. The mixture is passed from the tank through a membrane unit having a separating membrane and underpressure is generated at least intermittently, on a permeate side of the membrane unit, by a pump. This produces on the permeate side of the membrane permeate enriched with vapor and on the retentate side of the membrane retentate deleted in vapor. The permeate is returned to the tank and the retentate is exhausted to the atmosphere via the exhaust line.

Method and apparatus for reducing emissions from breather lines of storage tanks

Es wird ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung (10) zur Trennung von uber Flussigkeiten (11) entstehenden Gasgemischen (12), insbesondere Kohlenwasserstoff-Gasgemischen, unter Verwendung einer eine Gastrennmembran aufweisenden Trenneinrichtung (13) vorgeschlagen, auf deren Retentatseite (14) ein um eine oder mehrere Komponenten abgereichertes Gemisch (Retentat) und auf deren Permeatseite (15) ein um eine oder mehrere Komponenten angereichertes Gemisch (Permeat) erzeugbar ist. Die Volumenmenge pro Zeit des zur Trenneinrichtung (13) durch permeat- und retentatseitigen Unterdruck zugefuhrten, zu trennenden Gasgemisches (12), welches beim Umfullvorgang der Flussigkeit (11) bei deren Kontakt mit dem Umgebungsgas (18) entsteht, ist groser als die beim Umfullvorgang umgefullte Volumenmenge pro Zeit der Flussigkeit (11). Die Volumenmenge pro Zeit des dabei erzeugten Permeats (15) ist dabei gleich oder kleiner der beim Umfullvorgang umgefullten Volumenmenge pro Zeit der Flussigkeit (11). Zur Erzeugung eines Druckinventars fur die bestimmungsgemase Funktion der Trenneinrichtung (13) und zur Forderung des Gasgemisches (12) zur Trenneinrichtung (13) sind retentatseitig und permeatseitig Pumpeneinrichtungen (16, 17) mit der Trenneinrichtung (13) verbunden.

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur trennung von über flüssigkeiten entstehenden gasgemischen

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