This research focused on language functions used by the main character in “Sherlock Holmes” movie. The aims were to find the use of language functions and describe the dominant types of language functions used in “Sherlock Holmes” movie. The data were the dialogue of the main character in “Sherlock Holmes” movie in the first forty minutes of the movie. The research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative research. The findings show that there are six types of language functions used by the main character in “Sherlock Holmes” movie. They are expressive, directive, referential, metalinguistic, phatic, and poetic. The most dominant type of language function is metalinguistic. It means that the main character conveys code analysis by asking questions to the people so that he might invent clue for the sake of his investigation. Keyword : Language Functions, Sherlock Holmes, Movie.

Language functions used by the main character in sherlock holmes ii: a game of shadows movie

This study aims to analyze the Lazada_Id advertising text from pragmatic point of view through classifying and describing which is focused in the illocutionary speech acts with directive categories. Where the directive category has several types such as: command, orders, requests, and suggestions. This study also aims to provide one thing that is different from research on speech acts. However, this research is not the only research on speech acts that studies data in the form of writing. This study focused on Lazada_Id advertising on social networks (Instagram) and it can be ascertained that this study displays a different side of previous studies. From the research conducted, it was found that directive illocutionary speech acts with command, request, order, and suggestion types are suitable to use in attracting consumers to read and see status or photos, videos displayed by Lazada because they provide a curious impact on consumers. From research conducted that text on Lazada_Id advertisement identified uses many illocutionary directive texts to provide clarity to consumers and

Illocutionary Acts of Directive on Lazada_Id Advertising in the Instagram

This study deals with the types of illocutionary acts in Ellen Degeneres Talk show. The objectives of this study were to describe the types of illocutionary Acts which were used in Ellen Degeneres Talk show, to discover the type of illocutionary act which was dominantly used in Ellen Degeneres Talk show, why it is dominant and to elaborate in what contexts the dominant type occurs. This research applied descriptive qualitative method. It took two episodes of Ellen Degeneres Talk Show which is taken randomly from internet. Based on the analysis, not all types of illocutionary acts were used in Ellen Degeneres Talk because Declarative is not found.There were 326 utterances in two episodes selected, and the percentages of data were 43.86% ofassertives, 30.67% of directives, 18.40% of expressives, 6.13% of commisives and 0% of declaratives. The writer does not find declarations in the dialogue because there is no utterance that has a function that can change the world or the status of people through speaker’s utterance. The most dominant type of illocutionary acts found was Assertives. It shows that in their conversation the host most gave information and statement because it happened in the context of talk show where Ellen as the host gave some information about her guess star, information about the theme of the show and also about guest’s personal life and career. Keywords: Pragmatics, Speech Acts, Illocutionary Acts

Illocutionary acts in ellen degeneres talk show

Zum Verhältnis von Sprechakt und Kommunikationsverfahren. Handlungstheoretische Positionen in der Linguistik der DDR

The current article deals with English diminutives from the perspective of Speech Act Theory formulated by J. Searle and supplemented by other scholars (e.g. D. Wunderlich). In the focus of the research are the diminutive-related vocative speech acts which are used in addressing the participants of speech situations and contribute to establishing the addressee. In the arrangement of relations and interactions between participants of communication, there have been found only two components: the addresser and the addressee. The empirical material for the study is based on popular works by modern writers of English prose literature for children such as A. Ahlberg, R. Dahl, E. Nesbit, J. Wilson. The choice of the target texts results from their antropocentricity and childcenteredness. Vocative speech acts perform two communicative functions: a) calls are aimed at catching the addressee’s attention; b) addresses are aimed at maintaining or emphasizing the contact between speaker and addressee. Among the diminutives used in vocative functions there have been found first names, family names, terms of kinship and descriptors. First-names diminutive forms are most recurrent in the vocative speech acts. It results from the fact that the addressee in juvenile prose literature is a child. Most of the first names in the diminutive form are used to express a positive attitude to the addressee. There has been found only one example of a family-name diminutive in the vocative function, whose purpose is to express a negative attitude to the addressee. Besides, diminutives in the vocative function complement other speech acts such as directives, commissives and representatives. Diminutive vocatives either intensify or weaken the illocution of the speech act they complement, and express positive or negative attitude to the addressee. 

/pdf/vocative-functions-of-diminutives-in-english-prose-1z3oer93.pdf

Vocative functions of diminutives in english prose literature for children

As is well known, Searle s interpretation of speech acts is based on pure pragmatic assumptions. This is demonstrated not only by the fact that he focuses his major attention on sentence and verbs (actually only performative verbs) and their semantics. The pragmatic basis is also shown by the fact that the meaning a particular sentence may have is studied in different situations. This is evident from the attention Searle pays to the analysis of individual illocutionary verbs and the relationships between them. These relationships are illustrated by semantic charts (tabulated in his original version) where it is primarily the succession relationships between these verbs in the given semantic field presented for inspection. The relationship is characterized by raising degree of an illocutionary force, or necessity (1985). However, when the conditions of communication are elucidated and the success of communicative acts is being investigated it can be seen that a communicative aspexct is being significantly applied (though different than in W. Schmidt s theory). The first sentence of the work already states that the smallest unit of human communication is represented by speech acts of the type denominated as the illocutionary acts (Searle refers to Austin as to the author of this term). The communicative viewpoint is the basis also for D. Wunderlich (1986), who distinguishes between the illocutionary act (Ausserungsakt) and the speech act (Sprechakt), accentuating that acts of both kinds are actually single (unrepeated) acts, or events: the illocutionary act is implemented through an utterance, and the speech act constitutes the purpose of the utterance (p. 57). In this sense also M. Grepl (1986) – following F. Danes (1983) – distinguishes the utterance and the communicative function. This communicative function is considered the basic unit of an interhuman language action, the goal of the original utterance whilst the utterance itself is secondary, itself being the product of the communicative function. In this sense it seems almost possible to identify Grepl’s communicative function with the notion of a rhetoric function (for more information, see the recent survey article by P.L. Rounds 1987), or with that of the communicative procedure – Kommunikationsverfahren according to W. Schmidt. W. Schmidt’s theory, however, is based on speech action (not on utterance), and the communicative procedure is defined as the elaboration of the communication object serving the superior intention (Michel 1982). As seen from these introductory remarks, there is great discrepancy between the various theoretical sources about what is considered to be the basis, the methods and also the terminology. Therefore I find it useful to focus attention on three essential points: the relationship between terms and notions used by different authors, the position of the speech act in relation to the utterance and sentence, and finally, the essential constitutive elements or features of the speech act. With this basis an attempt will be made to construct a system of illocutionary acts. A speech act, Sprechakt, is traditionally the fundamental notion. Its definition still has not been unified. Searle often avoids speaking of the speech act, and instead speaks, more narrowly, of the illocutionary act. This notion is elucidated on the basis of its relationships to such types of speech acts (p. 80) as the elocutionary act, the propositional act, the indirect speech act, the perlocutionary act, and conversation (p. 80). The illocutionary act is

The content and form of illocutionary acts

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The content and form of illocutionary acts