There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Results of the Swissmetro European Market Study are presented. Swissmetro is a proposed high-speed passenger ground transportation system that would operate magnetically levitated
 trains in underground tunnels with reduced air pressure by using linear motor technology. The market study considered the market feasibility of constructing Swissmetro on potential European
 corridors. It evaluated technology, market conditions, European policy, investment costs, and risks associated with the project. The study conclusion was that there is not sufficient market
 potential for the Swissmetro system in European long-distance transport. The main problems with Swissmetro identified in the study were the long time necessary to bring the technology to
 commercial deployment; the lack of obvious corridors (most high-demand corridors will be served by high-speed rail by 2020); strong competition from other modes, such as air and high-speed
 rail; European Union policy of supporting an interoperable system of rail lines; Swissmetro’s high capital and operating costs—plus the risk that these costs may be significantly
 underestimated—and Swissmetro’s long construction time.

Assessing the feasibility of transport Megaprojects; ; Transportation research record : journal of the Transportation Research Board;

Validation of the online theoretical module of a minimally invasive surgery blended learning course for nurses: A quantitative research study

In this study, we conducted a series of experiments to investigate child behavior during self-evacuation and guided evacuation under non-emergency and emergency situations. The properties of child ...

Empirical investigation of child evacuation under non-emergency and emergency situations

Effect of Training on Employee Performance in Kenya Power and Lighting Company

Practical on-street pedestrian training is one form of education designed to promote safe roadside behavior amongst young road users with the intention of reducing their potential of involvement in road traffic collisions. While many local authorities in the United Kingdom operate pedestrian training, a number are reducing the amount of on-street training on offer as a result of financial and time constraints. This reduction in practical training puts more emphasis on paper-based classroom activities which increase knowledge acquisition but are generally not as effective in improving practical skills. Interactive videos may prove to be an effective complementary activity alongside pedestrian training as it is suggested that they can more effectively target hard skills compared to paper-based activities. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of an interactive road safety video designed to improve children’s crossing skills between parked cars when no other alternative safer route is available. The paper finds that interactive video shows the potential to improve the crossing behavior of children and that it therefore may make a useful additional educational activity alongside pedestrian training.

/pdf/the-usability-and-effectiveness-of-interactive-video-as-a-1ag17h9jon.pdf

The usability and effectiveness of interactive video as a complementary child pedestrian training activity

Sixty four per cent of the children killed or seriously injured (KSI) on the roads of Great Britain are child pedestrians. Recognition of this issue by the Department for Transport resulted in the introduction of a pilot child pedestrian training scheme, “Kerbcraft”, from 2002-2007. Kerbcraft, which aimed to teach roadside pedestrian skills, was trialled in 75 local authorities across England and Scotland, and was successful in improving child pedestrian behaviour at the roadside. This paper presents the findings from a new survey of these 75 local authorities, identifying what training is currently given, in what ways the learning and delivery mechanisms have changed since the original pilot, and the extent to which scheme evaluation and interactive gaming are and could be used in child pedestrian training. The results suggest that the majority of local authorities continued to provide pedestrian training but in an adapted form; often shortening schemes without considering the resulting impact on participants? knowledge and skills acquisition. Accompanied by a widespread lack of effective evaluation it is difficult to ascertain the effectiveness of these schemes compared to Kerbcraft. Given central government road safety funding cuts of 40%, along with a lack of effective evaluation, child pedestrian training could be one area at risk, and supplementary materials may be required to add value to training schemes in the future. This paper argues that interactive video environments could be one addition to the range of training aids available to child pedestrians.

An evaluation of child pedestrian training in the UK: the scope for interactive technologies to aid teaching

Active travel in the form of walking can contribute to recommended levels of daily exercise and is linked to increased health and wellbeing. Promoting active modes for school travel, such as walking, has become commonplace in recent years. In the United Kingdom, Safe Routes to Schools programs demonstrate one method of promoting walking, whilst attempting to ensure the safety of children during their school journey through interventions which include child pedestrian training. The quality of child pedestrian training programs in the United Kingdom has suffered in recent years due to austerity measures and time pressures forcing local authorities to reduce the amount of practical training and increase the amount of less effective, but cheaper, paper-based classroom activities. This paper considers the effectiveness of an interactive video which has been developed as an alternative to these paper-based activities designed to target and improve the crossing behavior of children between parked cars. In an exploratory study targeted at elementary school aged children, significant improvements in certain crossing behaviors were demonstrated as a result of training with the interactive video, indicating its potential to significantly improve the range of resources currently available for use by road safety training 15 professionals

Towards Safer Roadside Behavior on the School Journey Through Interactive Video Training

An experiment was conducted using the InnovITS proving ground in Nuneaton. Thirty cars with volunteer drivers were asked to drive around a tight closed road circuit causing them to pass repeatedly through a cross-roads junction from all directions. The junction was signalized. In different test-runs of the experiment the traffic lights were controlled by either an automated fixed-time system or by a human using remote control. All vehicles in the test were instrumented using GPS and bluetooth. Video footage from two cameras was also recorded.recorded. The goal of the experiment was to collect data on the performance of human junction controllers. This was motivated by earlier work indicated that human controllers could perform well at this task in a simulated `computer game' environment. In particular this paper examines some of the issues that arise when trying to simulate an urban road junction in this manner. For example results are presented indicating differences in network performance depending on whether the drivers were instructed to follow a fixed route or a random route of their choice. Thus providing some guidance for maximizing the fidelity of this type of simulation in the future. The paper also presents a detailed analysis of the sensor data and video footage to measure the performance of the junction under the different modes of control.

https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/356879/1/provingGroundIEEE.pdf

Lessons from proving ground experiments to investigate junction control

Skills and awareness of young pedestrians can be improved with on-street practical pedestrian training, often delivered in schools in the UK by local authorities with the intention of improving road safety. This training is often supplemented by in-class paper-based worksheet activities that are seen to be less effective than practical training in that they focus on knowledge acquisition rather than directly improving the correct application of safe pedestrian skills at the roadside. Previous research indicates that interactive video tools have the potential to develop procedural skills while offering an engaging road safety educational experience, which could positively impact on road crossing behaviour. In this paper, the design and development of a hazard-identification interactive road safety training video targeting child road crossing skills is presented. The interactive video was shown to be an engaging training resource for 6- to 7-year-old children. The tool's scope for improving pedestrians' roadside skills is considered along with the wider implications for interactive video to aid safety training in other areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

/pdf/making-in-class-skills-training-more-effective-the-scope-for-2kb9kfblpd.pdf

Making in-class skills training more effective: The scope for interactive videos to complement the delivery of practical pedestrian training

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