Three trials were designed to study the effects of axis of setting, turning frequency and axis and angle of rotation on the hatching success of ostrich eggs. The joint effects of axis of setting and angle of rotation were investigated in a fourth trial. 2. The hatchability of fertile ostrich eggs artificially incubated in electronic incubators (turned through 60° hourly) was improved substantially in eggs set in horizontal positions for 2 or 3 weeks and vertically for the rest of he time. 3. The hatchability of fertile eggs set in the horizontal position without any turning was very low (27%). It was improved to approximately 60% by manual turning through 180° around the short axis and through 60° around the long axis at 08·00 and 16·00 h. A further improvement to approximately 80% was obtained in eggs automatically turned through 60° around the long axis in the incubator. Additional turning through 180° around the short axis twice daily at 08·00 and 16·00 h resulted in no further improvement. 4. The hatchability of fertile eggs set vertically in electronic incubators and rotated hourly through angles ranging from 60° to 90° around the short axis increased linearly over the range studied. The response amounted to 1·83% for an increase of 1° (R 2= 0·96). 5. The detrimental effect of rotation through the smaller angle of 60° around the short axis could be compensated for by setting ostrich eggs in the horizontal position for 2 weeks before putting them in the vertical position.

Hatching success of ostrich eggs in relation to setting, turning and angle of rotation.

Effect of Egg Turning Angle and Frequency During Incubation on Hatchability and Incidence of Unhatched Broiler Embryos with Head in the Small End of the Egg

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02475513/document

Contaminants, prolactin and parental care in an Arctic seabird: Contrasted associations of perfluoroalkyl substances and organochlorine compounds with egg-turning behavior.

The Relation of Angle of Turning and Position of the Egg to Hatchability of Chicken Eggs

Egg turning behavior is an important determinant of egg hatchability, but it remains relatively understudied. Here, we examined egg turning rates and egg temperatures in Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri). We used artificial eggs containing a data logger with a 3-D accelerometer, a magnetometer, and a temperature thermistor to monitor parental incubation behavior of 131 tern nests. Overall, adults turned their eggs an average (±SD) of 3.8 ± 0.8 turns h-1, which is nearly two times higher than that of other seabirds. Egg turning rates increased with nest initiation date. We also examined egg turning rates and egg temperatures in relation to egg mercury contamination. Mercury contamination has been shown to be associated with reduced egg hatchability, and we hypothesized that mercury may decrease egg hatchability via altered egg turning behavior by parents. Despite the high variability in egg turning rates among individuals, the rate of egg turning was not related to mercury concentrations in sibling eggs. These findings highlight the need for further study concerning the potential determinants of egg turning behavior.

/pdf/egg-turning-behavior-and-incubation-temperature-in-forster-s-47xuf8hb3e.pdf

Egg turning behavior and incubation temperature in Forster's terns in relation to mercury contamination.

The effect of angle of turning eggs during incubation on hatchability

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The effect of angle of turning eggs during incubation on hatchability