Advanced alkaline water electrolysis using ion-solvating polymer membranes as electrolytes represents a new direction in the field of electrochemical hydrogen production. Polybenzimidazole membranes equilibrated in aqueous KOH combine the mechanical robustness and gas-tightness of a polymer with the conductive properties of an aqueous alkaline salt solution, and are thus of particular interest in this field of research. This work presents a comprehensive study of ternary alkaline polymer electrolyte systems developed around a polybenzimidazole derivative that is structurally tailored towards improved stability in alkaline environments. The novel electrolytes are extensively characterized with respect to physicochemical and electrochemical properties and the chemical stability is assessed in 0–50 wt% aqueous KOH for more than 6 months at 88 °C. In water electrolysis tests using porous 3-dimensional electrodes completely free from noble metals, they show polarization characteristics comparable to those of commercially available separators and good performance stability over several days.

/pdf/towards-a-stable-ion-solvating-polymer-electrolyte-for-2mm77zxbdo.pdf

Towards a stable ion-solvating polymer electrolyte for advanced alkaline water electrolysis

Tri-block copolymer styrene-butadiene (SBS) is extensively applied in bituminous highway construction due to its high elasticity and excellent weather resistance. With the extension of time, tri-block structural SBS automatically degrades into bi-block structural SB- with some terminal oxygen-containing groups under the comprehensive effects of light, heat, oxygen, etc. In this paper, the effects of aging temperature, aging time and oxygen concentration on the molecular structure of thermo-oxidative aged SBS were mainly investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the correlation between oxygen-containing groups and thermal properties (TG-DTG) was further discussed. The FTIR and XPS results show that rapid decomposition of SBS will occur with increments of aging temperature, aging time and oxygen concentration, and a large number of oxygen-containing groups such as -OH, C=O, -COOH, etc. will be formed during thermo-oxidative aging. In short-term aging, changes in aging temperature and oxygen concentration have a significant impact on the structural damage of SBS. However, in long-term aging, it has no further effect on the molecular structure of SBS or on increasing oxygen concentration. The TG and DTG results indicate that the concentration of substances with low molecular weight gradually increases with the improvement of the degree of aging of the SBS, while the initial decomposition rate increases at the beginning of thermal weightlessness and the decomposition rate slows down in comparison with neat SBS. From the relation between the XPS and TG results, it can be seen that the initial thermal stability of SBS rapidly reduces as the relative concentration of the oxygen-containing groups accumulates around 3%, while the maximum decomposition temperature slowly decreases when the relative concentration of the oxygen-containing groups is more than 3%, due to the difficult damage to strong bonds on the molecular structure of aged SBS.

Investigation of Molecular Structure and Thermal Properties of Thermo-Oxidative Aged SBS in Blends and Their Relations

Polybenzimidazole (PBI), a thermally and chemically stable polymer, is commonly used to fabricate membranes for applications like hydrogen recovery at temperatures of more than 300 °C, fuel cells working in a highly acidic environment, and nanofiltration in aggressive solvents. This report shows for the first time the use of PBI dense membranes for water vapor/gas separation applications. They showed an excellent selectivity and high water vapor permeability. The incorporation of inorganic hydrophilic titanium-based nano-fillers into the PBI matrix further increased the water vapor permeability and water vapor/N2 selectivity. The most selective mixed matrix membrane with 0.5 wt% loading of TiO2 nanotubes yielded a water vapor permeability of 6.8 × 104 barrer and a H2O/N2 selectivity of 3.9 × 106. The most permeable membrane with 1 wt% loading of carboxylated TiO2 nanoparticles had a water vapor permeability of 7.1 × 104 barrer and a H2O/N2 selectivity of 3.1 × 106. The performance of these membranes in terms of water vapor transport and selectivity is among the highest reported ones. The remarkable ability of PBI to efficiently permeate water versus other gases opens the possibility to fabricate membranes for the dehumidification of streams in harsh environments. This includes the removal of water from high temperature reaction mixtures to shift the equilibrium towards products.

/pdf/polybenzimidazole-based-mixed-membranes-with-exceptionally-23yej8tujs.pdf

Polybenzimidazole-based mixed membranes with exceptionally high water vapor permeability and selectivity

https://spiral.imperial.ac.uk/bitstream/10044/1/62961/4/Supplementary%20information%20blend.pdf

Effect of temperature on tribological performance of polyetheretherketone-polybenzimidazole blend

State of the art and prospects of chemically and thermally aggressive membrane gas separations: Insights from polymer science

Hygrothermal behavior of polybenzimidazole

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Hygrothermal behavior of polybenzimidazole