Parametric analysis of loop heat pipe operation: a literature review

An apparatus comprising a heater configured to heat smokeable material to volatilize at least one component of the smokeable material, wherein the heater is elongate and comprises a plurality of independently controllable heating regions arranged sequentially along a longitudinal axis of the heater.

Heating smokeable material

A thermodynamic system includes a cyclical heat exchange system and a heat transfer system coupled to the cyclical heat exchange system to cool a portion of the cyclical heat exchange system. The heat transfer system includes an evaporator including a wall configured to be coupled to a portion of the cyclical heat exchange system and a primary wick coupled to the wall and a condenser coupled to the evaporator to form a closed loop that houses a working fluid.

Heat transfer system

An evaporator includes a container, a wick provided in contact with an inner peripheral surface of said container and formed such that (1) if the number of pores per unit volume is fixed, the diameter of pores is varied, or (2) if the diameters of pores are formed substantially uniformly, the number of pores is varied, a sump having said wick as its inner wall surface and connected to a liquid pipe for supplying a liquid-phase working fluid, and a vapor channel formed in a contact surface of said container with respect to said wick so as to guide a gas-phase working fluid into a vapor pipe connected to an end portion of said container.

Evaporator and loop-type heat pipe using the same

A method of making an evaporator includes orienting a vapor barrier wall, orienting a liquid barrier wall, and positioning a wick between the vapor barrier wall and the liquid barrier wall. The vapor barrier wall is oriented such that a heat-absorbing surface of the vapor barrier wall defines at least a portion of an exterior surface of the evaporator. The exterior surface is configured to receive heat. The liquid barrier wall is oriented adjacent the vapor barrier wall. The liquid barrier wall has a surface configured to confine liquid. A vapor removal channel is defined at an interface between the wick and the vapor barrier wall. A liquid flow channel is defined between the liquid barrier wall and the primary wick.

Manufacture of a heat transfer system

The evaporator comprises a) a chamber (12) made of a porous material with an inlet for a heat exchanging fluid in liquid form, b) a shell (9) in which is located said chamber (12) to define around it, a chamber (15) for collecting said fluid in vapour form, said shell (9) having an outlet by which the vapour collected in said chamber (15) is evacuated. It further comprises a tube (22) which extends through the whole internal space of the chamber (12) with a porous wall, from one end (24) of the tube constituting the chamber (12) inlet for the heat exchanging fluid, said tube (22) being pierced over its whole length with holes (33) for injecting the heat exchanging liquid into the chamber (12) wall.

Capillary evaporator for diphasic loop of energy transfer between a hot source and a cold source

A hot source (A) contains one assembly comprised of at least one capillary evaporator (1A) and at least one condenser (2B) having condensation surfaces with a large curvature radius, and a cold source (B) containing an assembly of the same nature (1B, 2B). The condensers are interconnected by means of a steam conduit (3) and the capillary evaporators are interconnected by means of a liquid conduit (4) so as to form a closed circuit wherein circulates a metered fluid amount so that the complete evaporation takes place in the "hot" evaporators and the complete condensation takes place in the "cold" condensers, the other elements being then inactive. The system is reversible and, consequently, interesting gains of weight and room can be achieved for a spatial utilization.

System for transfer of energy between a hot source and a cold source

Development of Deployable Radiators at Alcatel Space

Une source chaude (A) contient un ensemble forme d'au moins un evaporateur capillaire (1A) et d'au moins un condenseur (2B) presentant des surfaces de condensation a grand rayon de courbure, et une source froide (B) contenant un ensemble de meme nature (1B, 2B). Les condenseurs sont relies entre eux par un conduit de vapeur (3) et les evaporateurs capillaires sont relies entre par un conduit de liquide (4) de facon a former un circuit ferme dans lequel circule une quantite de fluide dosee pour que toute l'evaporation se fasse dans les evaporateurs 'chauds' et toute la condensation dans les condenseurs 'froids', les autres elements etant alors inactifs. Le systeme est reversible, d'ou gain de poids et place interessants dans une utilisation spatiale.

Systeme de transfert d'energie entre une source chaude et une source froide

A hot source (A) contains one assembly comprised of at least one capillary evaporator (1A) and at least one condenser (2B) having condensation surfaces with a large curvature radius, and a cold source (B) containing an assembly of the same nature (1B, 2B). The condensers are interconnected by means of a steam conduit (3) and the capillary evaporators are interconnected by means of a liquid conduit (4) so as to form a closed circuit wherein circulates a metered fluid amount so that the complete evaporation takes place in the "hot" evaporators and the complete condensation takes place in the "cold" condensers, the other elements being then inactive. The system is reversible and, consequently, interesting gains of weight and room can be achieved for a spatial utilisation.

Energy transfer system between a hot source and a cold source

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