Extensively revised and updated, this second edition provides, in an A-Z format, an analysis of the most important generalizations that have been made on the unidirectional change of grammatical forms and constructions. Based on the analysis of more than 1,000 languages, it reconstructs over 500 processes of grammatical change in the languages of the world, including East Asian languages such as Chinese, Korean and Japanese. Readers are provided with the tools to discover how lexical and grammatical meanings can be related to one another in a principled way, how such issues as polysemy, heterosemy, and transcategoriality are dealt with, and why certain linguistic forms have simultaneous lexical and grammatical functions. Definitions of lexical concepts are provided with examples from a broad variety of languages, and references to key relevant research literature. Linguists and other scholars will gain a better understanding of languages on a worldwide scale.

/pdf/world-lexicon-of-grammaticalization-20jp10wyuv.pdf

World Lexicon of grammaticalization

The phenomenon of language contact, and how it affects the structure of languages, has been of great interest to linguists. This study looks at how grammatical forms and structures evolve when speakers of two languages come into contact, and offers an interesting insight into the mechanism that induces people to transfer grammatical structures from one language to another. Drawing on findings from languages all over the world, Language Contact and Grammatical Change shows that the transfer of linguistic material across languages is quite regular and follows universal patterns of grammaticalization - contrary to previous claims that it is a fairly irregular process - and argues that internal and external explanations of language structure and change are in no way mutually exclusive. Engaging and informative, this book will be of great interest to sociolinguists, linguistic anthropologists, and all those working on grammaticalization, language contact, and language change.

https://assets.cambridge.org/97805216/08282/copyright/9780521608282_copyright.pdf

Language Contact and Grammatical Change

1. Introduction 2. Charting the territory: postcolonial English as a field of linguistic investigation 3. The evolution of postcolonial English: the dynamic model 4. Linguistic aspects of nativization 5. Countries along the cycle: case studies 6. The cycle in hindsight: the emergence of American English 7. Conclusion.

Postcolonial English: Varieties around the World

Sign languages have two strikingly different kinds of morphological structure: sequential and
simultaneous The simultaneous morphology of two unrelated sign languages, American and
Israeli Sign Language, is very similar and is largely inflectional, while what little sequential
morphology we have found differs significantly and is derivational We show that at least two
pervasive types of inflectional morphology, verb agreement and classifier constructions, are iconically
grounded in spatiotemporal cognition, while the sequential patterns can be traced to normal
historical development We attribute the paucity of sequential morphology in sign languages to
their youth This research both brings sign languages much closer to spoken languages in their
morphological structure and shows how the medium of communication contributes to the structure
of languages

http://sandlersignlab.haifa.ac.il/html/html_eng/pdf/AMS%20Language.pdf

The Paradox of Sign Language Morphology

In this article we investigate what learners acquire when their input contains inconsistent grammatical morphemes such as those present in pidgins and incipient creoles. In particular, we ask if le...

Regularizing Unpredictable Variation: The Roles of Adult and Child Learners in Language Formation and Change

Pidgins and Creoles. An Introduction

Pidgins and Creoles: An Introduction

1. Acknowlegments 2. Introdution (by Arends, Jacques) 3. Some Development Interferences from the Historical Studies of Pidgins and Creoles (by Baker, Philip) 4. Eighteenth-Century Negerhollands reflexives Revisited (by Voort, Hein van der) 5. Early Creole Writing and its Effects on the Discovery of Creole Language Structure: The Case of Eighteenth-Century Negerhollands (by Stein, Peter) 6. The Negerhollands Word sender in Eighteenth-Century Manuscripts (by Hinskens, Frans L.) 7. Early Bajan: Creole or Non-creole? (by Fields, Linda) 8. The Emergence of taki as a Complementizer in Sranan: On Substrate Influence, Universals, and Gradual Creolization (by Plag, Ingo) 9. Relative Clauses in Early Sranan (by Bruyn, Adrienne) 10. The Demographics of Creole Genesis in the Caribbean: A Comparison of Martinique and Haiti (by Singler, John Victor) 11. Demographic Factors in the Formation of Sranan (by Arends, Jacques)

The early stages of creolization

Demographic Factors in the formation of Sranan

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Atlas of the languages of Suriname. Ed. by Eithne Carlin & Jacques Arends. KITLV Press Leiden.2002. Laurence Goury

Atlas of the languages of Suriname

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