Jefferson Laboratory is embarked on an energy upgrade to its flagship continuous electron beam accelerator to expand the scope of its research capabilities and probe further into the structure of nuclear particles. The 12 GeV upgrade includes the design, manufacture, integration, installation and commissioning of eight different superconducting magnets in three separate experimental halls. The effort involves other national laboratories, universities and industry spanning three countries. This paper will summarize the key characteristics of these magnets, ranging in size from 0.2 to 23 MJ in stored energy, and featuring many different types and configurations. The paper will also give an overview of the specific technical challenges for each magnet, and a status report on magnet manufacture and expected delivery dates. The 12 GeV upgrade at J-Lab represents the largest superconducting magnet fabrication and installation program currently ongoing in the United States and this paper will present the breadth of collaborations supporting it.

/pdf/superconducting-magnets-for-the-12-gev-upgrade-at-jefferson-4xkrie2xtx.pdf

Superconducting Magnets for the 12 GeV Upgrade at Jefferson Laboratory

As part of the Jefferson Lab 12 GeV upgrade, the Hall B CLAS12 system requires two superconducting iron-free magnets — a torus and a solenoid. The physics requirements to maximize space for the detectors guided engineers toward particular coil designs for each of the magnets which, in turn, led to the choice of using conduction cooling. The torus consists of 6 trapezoidal NbTi coils connected in series with an operating current of 3770 A. The solenoid is an actively shielded 5 T magnet consisting of 5 NbTi coils connected in series operating at 2416 A. Within the hall, the two magnets are located in close proximity to each other and are completely covered both inside and outside by particle detectors. Stringent size limitations were imposed for both magnets and introduced particular design and fabrication challenges. This paper describes the design, construction, installation, commissioning, and operation of the two magnets.

/pdf/the-clas12-superconducting-magnets-1uagul253n.pdf

The CLAS12 superconducting magnets

The CLAS12 Torus is a toroidal superconducting magnet, which is part of the detector for the 12-GeV accelerator upgrade at Jefferson Laboratory (JLab). The coils were wound/fabricated by Fermilab, with JLab responsible for all other parts of the project scope, including design, integration, cryostating the individual coils, installation, cryogenics, I&C, etc. This paper provides an overview of the CLAS12 Torus magnet features and serves as a status report of its installation in the experimental hall. Completion and commissioning of the magnet is expected in 2016.

/pdf/the-clas12-torus-detector-magnet-at-jefferson-laboratory-3m6jxue31v.pdf

The CLAS12 Torus Detector Magnet at Jefferson Laboratory

As part of the Jefferson Laboratory (JLab) 12 GeV accelerator upgrade, the experimental physics Hall B detector system requires two superconducting magnets—a torus and a solenoid. The specifications required maximum space for the detectors which led to the choice of conduction cooling for each magnet. The torus consists of six trapezoidal ‘race-track’-type coils connected in series with an operating current of 3770 A. The solenoid is an actively shielded 5 Tesla magnet consisting of five coils connected in series operating at 2416 A. Within the hall the two magnets are located in close proximity to each other and are surrounded by particle detectors. We describe the philosophy behind the instrumentation selection and control design that accounts for this proximity and other challenging working conditions. We describe the choice of sensor technologies, as well as the control and data acquisition methods. The magnet power and cryogenic control sub-systems are implemented using Allen Bradley Control-Logix 1756-L72 programmable logic controllers (PLCs). Sensor instrumentation readbacks are routed into the PLC via National Instruments cRIO hardware (field programmable gate arrays or FPGA/RT application) using a JLab-designed FPGA-based multi-sensor-excitation-chassis. Configuration, monitoring, and alarm handlers for the magnet systems are provided via an experimental physics instrumentation and control system interface. Failure modes and effects analysis and the requirement to monitor critical parameters during operation guided the selection of instrumentation and associated hardware. The design of the quench protection and voltage tap sub-systems was driven by the anticipated level of voltages developed during a magnet quench. The primary-hardwired quench detection and protection sub-system together with the secondary PLC based protection sub-system is also discussed. The successful commissioning and subsequent performance of these magnets demonstrates the robustness of the design and implementation approach that was adopted by the JLab team and serves as an excellent ‘how to’ guide for future projects of this size and complexity.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6668/aad277/pdf

Instrumentation and control selection for the 12 GeV Hall B magnets at Jefferson Lab

The design and development of the sensor excitation and read back chassis was driven by the requirements for the monitoring and control of two conduction-cooled superconducting magnets in Hall B for the 12 GeV accelerator upgrade. The torus and solenoid superconducting magnets require extensive instrumentation. Sensor selection was accomplished by applying Jefferson Lab's (JLab) risk mitigation process, which employed a failure modes and effects analysis approach. The goal was to accommodate all sensor types for monitoring and control and to develop a generic multisensor excitation low voltage chassis that would be used across both magnet systems with a reduced set of functions. The chassis has been deployed in experimental Hall B at JLab and has been performing successfully since July 2016.

Development of FPGA-based multi-sensor excitation low voltage (MSELV) chassis at Jefferson Lab.

A magnet system consisting of six superconducting trapezoidal racetrack-type coils is being built for the Jefferson Lab 12-GeV accelerator upgrade project. The magnet coils are wound with Superconducting Super Collider-36 NbTi strand Rutherford cable soldered into a copper channel. Each superconducting toroidal coil is force cooled by liquid helium, which circulates in a tube that is in good thermal contact with the inside of the coil. Thin copper sheets are soldered to the helium cooling tube and enclose the superconducting coil, providing cooling to the rest of the coil pack. As part of a rigorous risk mitigation exercise, each of the six coils is cooled with liquid nitrogen (LN2) to 80 K to validate predicted thermal stresses, verify the robustness and integrity of electrical insulation, and evaluate the efficacy of the employed conduction cooling method. This paper describes the test setup, the tests performed, and the findings.

/pdf/liquid-nitrogen-tests-of-a-torus-coil-for-the-jefferson-lab-3h48dguc20.pdf

Liquid Nitrogen Tests of a Torus Coil for the Jefferson Lab 12-GeV Accelerator Upgrade

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Liquid Nitrogen Tests of a Torus Coil for the Jefferson Lab 12-GeV Accelerator Upgrade