Biomass And Remote Sensing Of Biomass

Mixed vs. monospecific mountain forests in response to climate change: structural and growth perspectives of Norway spruce and European beech

This paper presents data on species composition, biomass, and element pools (C, N, P, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Al, Fe, Mn) of the understory vegetation of spruce forests in the catchments of lakes Certovo jezero (CT) and Plesne jezero (PL) in the Bohemian Forest (Sumava, Czech Republic). Calamagrostis villosa was the most abundant species in the CT catchment, while Vaccinium myrtillus was the most abundant species in the PL catchment. The catchments weighted mean (CWM) of above-ground biomass of the understory vegetation was 288 and 723 g m −2 in the CT and PL catchments, respectively. The significant difference in the biomass between the catchments was caused by the much higher abundance of V. myrtillus in the PL catchment. The CWM of below-ground biomass of the fine roots was 491 and 483 g m −2 in the CT and PL catchments, respectively. The respective CWM element pools of biomass in the CT and PL catchments were: C (33 and 51 mol m −2 ), N (0.8 and 1.0 mol m −2 ), P (24 and 34 mmol m −2 ), Ca (53 and 113 mmol m −2 ), Mg (24 and 41mmol m −2 ), Na (3.7 and 6.5 mmol m −2 ), K (83 and 109 mmol m −2 ), Al (50 and 42 mmol m −2 ), Fe (13.3 and 7.3 mmol m −2 ), and Mn (4.2 and 8.8 mmol m −2 ).

/pdf/biomass-and-element-pools-of-understory-vegetation-in-the-fscmi3fqz1.pdf

Biomass and element pools of understory vegetation in the catchments of Čertovo Lake and Plešné Lake in the Bohemian Forest

Abstract Climate change is currently perceived as the most important challenge faced globally by ecosystems and human society. The predicted changes of temperature and precipitation patterns are expected to alter the environmental conditions to which forest trees in Europe are adapted, and expose them to new pests and pathogens. This would unavoidably lead to a huge loss of ecosystem services provided to society, and at the local scale may potentially endanger the very existence of forests. In this study, we reviewed biological background and limits of mechanisms by which tree populations may cope with climate change: adaptation by natural selection, gene flow, epigenetic phenomena and phenotypic plasticity, as well as forest management strategies, which rely on these mechanisms. We argue that maintaining genetic diversity is important in the long-term view but natural selection cannot ensure sufficiently rapid response to environmental change. On the other hand, epigenetic memory effects may change adaptively relevant traits within a single generation, while close-to-nature forestry practices are the basic requirement to make use of epigenetics. Assisted migration, as a frequently suggested mitigation option, relies primarily on the knowledge gained from provenance research; the review analyses potential pitfalls of this strategy. We suggest that all approaches, i.e., leaving a part of forests without management, close-to-nature forestry, and transfer of forest reproductive materials from sources presumably adapted to future climates are combined across the landscape in an integrative manner.

Assisted migration vs. close-to-nature forestry: what are the prospects for tree populations under climate change?

Hardwood floodplain forests of lowland rivers in the temperate zone of Europe represent important refugia for biota in the cultural landscape. Most of these habitats that are in near natural state are included in the system of protected areas and ecological networks. This paper presents the results of an innovative method for the assessment of hardwood floodplain forest management strategy. This method is based on combining the analysis of historical development of the forest ecosystem with the growth simulation model of the forest. The method allows us to understand (explain) the current state of the hardwood floodplain forest ecosystem and to predict its future development taking into account the applied forest management strategy. Application of this method is promising especially in protected areas because it allows us to assess the suitability of the chosen strategy that is included in the protected area management plan. The research was conducted in the area of ‘Bahna’ in Litovelske Pomora...

https://bioone.org/journals/polish-journal-of-ecology/volume-62/issue-2/104.062.0208/Linking-the-Historical-Research-with-the-Growth-Simulation-Model-of/10.3161/104.062.0208.pdf

Linking the Historical Research with the Growth Simulation Model of Hardwood Floodplain Forests

Forest classification, made up by Plíva and Průša (Plíva 1971), has been using in the Czech Republic forestry since 1970. This classification is based on ecological factors of the environment. Edaphic conditions are at the first position, then climatic conditions follow (by their vertical [altitudinal] distribution mainly). These two factors form the basic construction called ecological grid (Table 1).

/pdf/czech-forest-ecosystem-classification-3sxoigu4tu.pdf

Czech forest ecosystem classification

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Czech forest ecosystem classification