Adolescence is a challenging time when emotional difficulties often arise. Self-esteem, good relationships with peers, and emotional competences can buffer the effects of these difficulties. The difficulties can be even greater when coupled with the presence of a chronic physical illness (CD). Our goal is to analyze psychosocial factors and CD as predictors for anxiety and depression. It was compared the results of structural equation models (SEM) with models based on qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to analyze the possible influence of these variables on levels of anxiety-depression in adolescents with and without CD. The sample consisted of 681 adolescents, between 12 and 16 years old (M = 13.94, SD = 1.32). 61.50% were girls and 13.40% (n = 222) presented a CD (mainly pneumo-allergic and endocrine). They were evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Self-esteem Questionnaire, the Emotional Competences Questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The results obtained by SEM show that low self-esteem, problems with peers and low emotional competencies predict anxiety in 41% of the variance and depression in 72%. The results obtained by QCA show that the different combinations of these variables explain between 24 and 61% of low levels of anxiety and depression and 47-55% of high levels. Our data show how the presence of a CD, low self-esteem, problems with peers and problems in emotional skills play a fundamental role in explaining levels of anxiety and depression. These aspects will help provide increased resources for emotional adjustment in the educational context, facilitating the transitions to be made by adolescents.

/pdf/psychosocial-factors-and-chronic-illness-as-predictors-for-58v6506h4w.pdf

Psychosocial Factors and Chronic Illness as Predictors for Anxiety and Depression in Adolescence

This article focuses on some of the social, cultural and psychological aspects of drug use in sexualized settings in gay and bisexual men (referred to as “chemsex”). Using a narrative review approach, the article examines previous empirical research in this area and presents a novel theoretical approach for understanding and predicting chemsex behavior. Tenets of identity process theory from social psychology are drawn upon to offer an integrative theoretical framework within which the social, cultural and psychological underpinnings of chemsex can be collectively examined. Existing empirical research suggests that gay and bisexual men may experience sexuality-related stressors that can undermine feelings of self-esteem, self-efficacy, continuity and positive distinctiveness. Identity process theory examines how individuals react to threats to identity brought about by these stressors. In response to identity threat, gay and bisexual men may engage in chemsex as a coping response that encompasses and facilitates various, largely maladaptive, coping strategies and tactics. The more chemsex is perceived as enhancing identity processes and as averting identity threat, the more central it is likely to be to the identities of participants. The centrality of chemsex to one’s identity may preclude self-withdrawal from the practice. Several directions for future research are presented based on existing work on chemsex viewed through the lens of identity process theory. These should form the basis of future empirical research in the sphere of sexual health among gay and bisexual men and the outcomes of this research should inform policy and practice in this area.

/pdf/chemsex-identity-and-sexual-health-among-gay-and-bisexual-13eivt4f.pdf

Chemsex, Identity and Sexual Health among Gay and Bisexual Men

Objective For youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D), the early adolescent period is associated with worsening diabetes management and high rates of negative psychosocial issues, including depressive symptoms and family conflict. Alternative clinical models may help improve both diabetes and psychosocial outcomes. Our study aims to investigate whether Team Clinic, a shared medical appointment model developed specifically for adolescents with T1D, will improve psychosocial outcomes for middle school-aged youth. Methods Youth with T1D, 11-13 years of age, and their caregivers, participated in a randomized controlled trial comparing Team Clinic to traditional clinic visits (control group). Diabetes characteristics were obtained at every visit. Participants and caregivers completed depression screening and family conflict questionnaires at baseline and end of study. Changes in mean scores on clinical and psychosocial outcomes from baseline to end of study were compared between groups using linear mixed-effects models. Results Eighty-six youth (51% female; 74% White; 10% Hispanic) completed at least one visit during the twelve-month study period. At the end of the study, control group participants reported increases in Emotional Problems compared to Team Clinic participants, including higher levels of Negative Mood/Physical Symptoms (p=0.02). Team Clinic participants reported reduced family conflict surrounding diabetes at study end, compared to control group participants (p=0.03). Caregivers did not report change in depressive symptoms or family conflict during the study. Hemoglobin A1C levels did not change over time in either group. Conclusions Participation in Team Clinic was associated with improved psychosocial outcomes in middle school-aged participants with T1D. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Psychosocial Outcomes in Young Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Participating in Shared Medical Appointments

OBJECTIVES
To determine the mediating effect of self-esteem in the relationship between the perceived stigmatization of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their self-efficacy regarding diabetes management.


METHODS
The study was carried out with 162 patients with T2DM who visited the Internal Medicine outpatient clinic, Bartin Public Hospital, Bartin, Turkey, between December 2020 and May 2021. A descriptive information form, diabetes management self-efficacy scale, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and type-2 diabetes stigma assessment scale were used in data collection.


RESULTS
As a result of regression analyses, it was determined that the variables of stigmatization (ß= -0.294) and self-esteem (ß=0.875) had a significant predictive effect on self-efficacy of patients with T2DM, and that as self-esteem was added to the model, the effect of stigmatization on self-efficacy (ß= -0.294) decreased (ß= -0.230, p<0.05). According to these findings and the results of the Sobel test, it was determined that self-esteem had a partial mediator role (z= -3.347; p< 0.05).


CONCLUSION
Minimizing the perceived stigmatization can improve patients' diabetes management self-efficacy. With patient training programs and individualized nursing care plans prepared by psychiatric nurses to provide psychological support patients and through their interventions that increase self-esteem, self-stigmatization can be reduced.

/pdf/self-esteem-mediates-the-relationship-perceived-stigma-with-1ra8a7wi.pdf

Self-esteem mediates the relationship perceived stigma with self-efficacy for diabetes management in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that requires acceptance and care, So it`s recommended increasing diabetes knowledge as well as increasing patients` motivation to take care of themselves. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of InformationalMotivational and Behavioral skills(IMB) Self-Care Model on quality of life in diabetic students. The present research is semi-experimental study of pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The sample size consisted of 24 diabetic students selected through available sampling and randomly assigned to two exprimental and control groups. Clients in the experimental group received treatment for 10 eighty-minute sessions. Data were collected by life quality questionnaire, The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups in quality of life. The life quality also increased in experimental group (P ≤ 0.05) and the intervention improved it with an impact rate of 23.6%. Therefore, the intervention based on Informational-Motivational and Behavioral Skills Self-Care Model can be applied as a complementary therapy in clinics and therapeutic centers of diabetes.

The Effectiveness of The Intervention Based on Informational–Motivational and Behavioral Skills (IMB)Self-Care Model on Quality of Life in Students with Diabetes

AIMS To explore the relationships between diabetes-specific self-esteem, self-care and glycaemic control among diverse adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. METHODS Adolescents (aged 13-21 years) diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes for at least one year, receiving care at an urban medical centre, completed a self-report battery including demographic information, the Diabetes-Specific Self-Esteem Scale and Self-Care Inventory. Glycaemic control (HbA1c ) was obtained from medical records at recruitment and one year later. Bivariate correlation and multiple linear regression assessed relationships between the Diabetes-Specific Self-Esteem scale, Self-Care Inventory and HbA1c at baseline and one year. RESULTS Participants included 85 adolescents (15.9 ± 2.1 years; 53% women; 47% Hispanic/Latino). Diabetes-specific self-esteem scores did not differ based on patient characteristics but were significantly correlated with baseline self-care (r = 0.59, P < 0.001) and HbA1c at baseline (r = -0.51, P < 0.001) and one year later (r = -0.48, P < 0.001). Diabetes-specific self-esteem remained a significant correlate of baseline (β = -0.41, P < 0.001) and follow-up HbA1c (β = -0.37, P = 0.008) when adjusting for covariates and self-care. Diabetes-specific self-esteem was not significantly associated with change in HbA1c . CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that diabetes-specific self-esteem is significantly associated with self-care and glycaemic control among diverse adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes-specific self-esteem may be more closely related to HbA1c than reports of the frequency of self-care behaviours, and could represent a useful tool for clinical and research applications.

Diabetes‐specific self‐esteem, self‐care and glycaemic control among adolescents with Type 1 diabetes

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Diabetes‐specific self‐esteem, self‐care and glycaemic control among adolescents with Type 1 diabetes