The relationship between coal petrography and depositional environments from selected coal basins in Canada

The geology, petrology, palynology and geochemistry of Permian coal basins in Tanzania: 2. Songwe-Kiwira Coalfield

The Morien Group (Westphalian A – Stephanian) of the Sydney Basin, Nova Scotia, contains numerous coal seams, many of which can be traced across the onshore part of the basin. Depositional environments during coal formation range from proximal, fluvially dominated to intercalated distal fluvial, to restricted marine. Most of the coal samples analyzed in this study come from the Bras d'Or section, a near-continuous coastal exposure of the Sydney Mines Formation. Petrographic compositions of the samples are discussed in the context of the depositional setting of the enclosing strata. The coal seams have a high vitrinite content (70–90 vol. %), with moderate inertinite and low liptinite. Petrographic indices suggest that most coals of the Sydney Mines Formation are similar to seams deposited in interdistributary or lower delta plain settings in other basins and provide support for the interpreted sedimentological setting of this sequence. The coal seams of the Bras d'Or section show little variation in gross...

Petrography and depositional environment of coal seams in the Carboniferous Morien Group, Sydney Coalfield, Nova Scotia

Coal samples from the Barachois Group of western Newfoudland vary in rank from high-volatile C to high-volatile A. The coals are vitrinite rich (> 70%), except some from Coal Brook that contain substantial quantities of inertinite (up to 52%). Liptinite ranges up to 18% but is a relatively minor component. The most abundant constituents amongst the three maceral groups are vitrinite – vitrinite A, inertinite–semifusinite, and liptinite–sporinite. Compositional profiles in three of the seams show no clear correlation between maceral group content and stratigraphic position. The Barachois Group coals are relatively high in ash (mean = 12.8%) and sulphur (mean = 6.9%). Spore assemblages from coal samples of the Barachois Group indicate a Westphalian A age in the Barachois Brook and Coal Brook areas and a Westphalian C age along Blanche Brook.Barachaois coals are part of a mudstone-dominated facies association that developed in an assemblage of floodplain environments. Plots of tissue preservation – gelificat...

Petrology, palynology, and depositional environments of coals of the Upper Carboniferous Barachois Group (Westphalian A and C), southwestern Newfoundland

Preservation of labile organic compounds in sapropelic coals from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland

Coals, caimel coals and oil shales of the McLeod sequence from two boreholes in the Pictou Coalfield, Nova Scotia were analysed using methods of organic petrology and organic geochemistry.
			
Petrographic composition was determined by maceral and microlithotype analyses. Within the McLeod coal seam, varying amounts of alginite, vitrinite, inertinite, and mineral matter indicate significant changes in the environment of deposition. High amounts of lamalginite and minerals, i.e., clay minerals and pyrite at the base and top of the seam indicate a lirnnic depositional environment, whereas much dryer conditions are indicated for the middle portion of the seam by better tissue preservation, typical for a wet forest type of swamp. This is confirmed also by results from microlithotype analyses. In the oil shales the predominant maceral is alginite.
			
Coals, cannel coals and oil shales vary significantly in TOC values and hydrocarbon potentials. Parameters such as hydrogen and oxygen indices and hydrocarbon potentials are in good agreement with results from petrographic analyses.
			
Methods of organic petrology and organic geochemistry define distinct types of organic matter in coals, cannel coals and oil shales which can be related to facies changes and environments of deposition. From the preliminary results it appears that these methods also can be applied regionally for stratigraphic correlations within sequences of rapid facies changes.
			
			RESUME
			Des charbons, des charbons de spores et pollens, ainsi que des schistes bitumineux appartenant a la serie de McLeod et provenant de deux sondages dans le bassin houiller de Pictou (Nouvelle-Ecosse) furent analyses a l'aide de methodes de perologie et de geochimie organiques.
			
On determina la composition petrographique grace a une analyse des macevaux et des microlithotypes. La variation des teneurs en alginite, vitrinite, inertinite et en composants min&aux au sein du filon charbormeux de McLeod temoigne de changements majeurs dans le milieu de depot. Un milieu de depot limnique est indique par des teneurs elevees en lamalginite et en minevaux, i.e. mineraux argileux et pyrite, tant a la base qu'au sommet du filon. En revanche, une meilleure conservation des tissus, typique des marecages de foret humide, trahit des conditions beaucoup plus seches pour la portion centrale du filon. Les resultats de analyses de microlithotype confirment cet etat de chose. L'alginite est le maceral predominant dans les schistes bitumineux.
			
Les charbons, les charbons de spores et pollens, ainsi que les schistes bitumineux varient fortement aux plans du COT et du potentiel petroligene. Certains parametres, comme les indices d'hydrogene et d'oxygene et les potentiels petroligenes, confortent les resultats obtenus grace aux analyses petrographiques.
			
Au sein des charbons, charbons de spores et pollens, et schistes bitumineux, les methodes de la petrologie et de la geochimie organiques detuiissent des types distincts de matiere organique qui peuvent etre lies aux changements de facies et aux milieux de depot. A partir de ces resultats preliminaires, il semble qu'on puisse utiliser ces methodes a une echelle regionale pour nialiser des correlations stratigraphiques a l’interieur de series montrant des changements rapides de facies.
						
[Traduit par le journal]

/pdf/petrology-rock-eval-and-facies-analyses-of-the-mcleod-coal-1l4rgxozug.pdf

Petrology, Rock-Eval and facies analyses of the McLeod coal seam and associated beds, Pictou Coalfield, Nova Scotia, Canada

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Petrology, Rock-Eval and facies analyses of the McLeod coal seam and associated beds, Pictou Coalfield, Nova Scotia, Canada