Cars offer an excellent example of ubiquitous computing, and a technological revolution is currently underway that will eventually see in-vehicle computers empowered with increasingly complex sections of the driving task. In this article, we critically review the effect of ubiquitous computing in cars with reference to the psychology of the driver and present a survey of automotive researchers drawn from five major carmakers. The results illustrate the role of the computer in vehicles over the short, medium, and long term. Systems that are likely to be fitted into vehicles in the next 5 years include sophisticated electronic architectures and greater penetration of navigation and telematics systems. In the next 5 to 15 years drive by wire and collision sensing are anticipated. In the long term, 15 years and beyond, advanced driver-assistance systems will increasingly automate the driving task, and in-car personal computers and Internet will be commonplace. We conclude that the increased complexity and prominence of computing in cars requires further investigation of the needs, abilities, and limitations of the driver if the aims of safety, efficiency, and enjoyment, as well as greater ubiquity, are to be realized.

Where is computing driving cars

The development of chassis control schemes has been a major area of study for automotive control engineers over the past 30 years. The volume of published literature is large, exceeding 1000 papers. Of this literature, there are 250 examining yaw and sideslip control. Here is a comprehensive review of this field of study to identify the current state of the art and research in yaw rate and sideslip control. The survey shows that there is still a significant research effort needed to address the subjective performance of handling systems, and more research is needed to develop schemes that integrate systems to achieve high-level performance objectives.

A review of yaw rate and sideslip controllers for passenger vehicles

Semi-active and active suspensions can improve both ride comfort and handling compared to passive suspensions. The authors have proposed a suspension comprising a pneumatic system capable of changi...

A semi-active vehicle suspension based on pneumatic springs and magnetorheological dampers:

During the development of new vehicles, finding correlation links between subjective assessments (SA) and objective metrics (OM) is an important part of the vehicle evaluation process. Studying different correlation links is important in that the knowledge gained can be used at the front end of development, during testing and when creating new systems. Both SA from expert drivers using a rating scale of 1–10 and OM from different tests measured by a steering robot were collected using standard testing protocols at an automotive manufacturer. The driver ratings were evaluated and the correlations were analysed using regression analysis and neural networks through a case study approach. Links were identified and were compared with related research.

Links between subjective assessments and objective metrics for steering, and evaluation of driver ratings

Recognising the need for improved understanding of links between subjective and objective measures of vehicle handling an extensive program of instrumented testing and driver evaluation was conducted with a view to correlating results from the different sets of data. The results suggested that each of eight test drivers tended to formulate ratings for specific handling questions in a unique manner which made it difficult to associate specific response metrics with particular aspects of handling. However it was noted that when a vehicle response did influence a driver's rating its effect on the ratings was largely the same regardless of the specific rating question being asked. By suitable averaging of these results it was possible to quantify the general effect on ratings that a given vehicle response parameter has. Those metrics with an always positive or always negative effect could potentially be utilised by engineers to build in favourable handling characteristics in the early stages of desig...

Subjective and objective measures of vehicle handling: drivers & experiments.

Vehicle handling assessment using a combined subjective-objective approach

SUMMARY A study to examine the links between subjective, objective and mathematically modelled measures of vehicle handling is presented in this paper. The work was based around an experimental vehicle for which it was possible to modify physical parameters and thus its dynamic responses. Seven of these physical parameters were varied according to a factorial design and subjective and objective data were collected from eight vehicle configurations. Additionally, a handling model of moderate complexity has been used to generate simulations of the vehicle so that it may be validated and eventually be developed into a tool for predicting subjective handling qualities. Examples showing good correlations between experimental and predicted results are presented along with a preliminary factorial analysis indicating some subjective ratings which were significantly influenced by changing physical vehicle parameters. A methodology is proposed for understanding the interrelationships between subjective, objective a...

A Comprehensive Study Of Subjective And Objective Vehicle Handling Behaviour

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Vehicle handling assessment using a combined subjective-objective approach

A Comprehensive Study Of Subjective And Objective Vehicle Handling Behaviour