Background and purpose: Etiology of diabetic neuropathy is unclear, however, the accumulation of final products of glycation, vascular dysfunction, oxidative stress, and changes in neurotrophic support are considered as important factors in the genesis of this disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a 6-week endurance training program on gene expression of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in the Sciatic nerve motor roots of rats with diabetic neuropathy. Materials and methods: Twenty eight adult male Wistar rats in the body mass range of 271±11.2 gr, were randomly assigned into four groups: diabetic control, diabetic training, healthy control, and healthy training. For inducing diabetic neuropathy, Streptozotocin (45 mg/kg, ip body wt.) was injected after twelve hours of food deprivation. Two weeks later, the endurance training protocol was performed for six weeks and 24hr after the last training session, the rats were sacrificed and spinal cords were processed for histological examination. Real-Time PCR was used for BDNF expression. For data Analysis, two-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test were applied. Results: Data indicate that diabetes decreased BDNF expression in Sciatic nerve motor roots (P=0.05). However, 6 weeks of endurance training could partly compensate the BDNF expression decrease induced by diabetic neuropathy (P=0.05). However, this intervention could not return the BDNF expression level to that of the healthy control group (P=0.01). Conclusion: This study showed that diabetes can decrease BDNF expression in Sciatic nerve motor roots. But this decrease could somewhat be improved by endurance training. Our study supports the hypothesis that neurotrophic support decreases in diabetic neuropathy.

https://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-5544-fa.pdf

Effect of 6-Week Endurance Training on BDNF Expression in Motor Root of Spinal Cord in Rats with Diabetic Neuropathy

Background: Multiple sclerosis is a common cause of neurological disability in adults and a disease with largely unknown and complex etiology that characterizes with axonal damage and central nervous system demyelination. One of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is nerve growth factors. On the other hand, physical activity can be one of the effective mechanisms in modulation of neural growth factors in patients with multiple sclerosis. The purpose of this review was the systematic investigation of the effect of physical activity on nerve growth factors in ppatients with multiple sclerosis. Methods: A systematic review was made based on Medical Subject Headings system word on the databases of Pubmed, Googlescholar, Sciencedirect and Springer in English and the databases of Magiran and (SID) in Persian. The inclusion criteria were studies published in English or Persian, during a 15-year period, only in patients with multiple sclerosis, with sport or physical activity intervention, and assessment of nerve growth factors. Methodology assessed through Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. Findings: Between 161 reviewed studies, 9 that had the criteria were selected. Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale mean was 6.55. Studies had mostly assessed brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (8 studies) and nerve growth factor (NGF) (4 studies). Most of the results indicated that physical activity lead to an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor but is not associated with significant changes in nerve growth factor. Conclusion: Although further studies are needed, regular physical activity can be considered as an adjuvant therapy in multiple sclerosis. It can affect multiple sclerosis disease process through regulation of nerve growth factors. © 2017, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.

The Role of Physical Activity on Modulation of Nerve Growth Factors [Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)] in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review

Background and Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate effects of eight weeks of aquatic exercise and resistance training on plasma neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) levels and NT-4 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of women with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Thirty women with MS were randomly assigned to a resistance-training group, an aquatic exercise group and a control group. After separating plasma and PBMCs from blood samples, level of plasma NT-4 and NT-4 expression was measured after eight weeks of exercise via ELISA and Real-time PCR, respectively. Results: The level of plasma NT-4 and NT-4 expression increased significantly following eight weeks of aquatic training and resistance training. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, both resistance training and aquatic exercise can increase the level of plasma NT-4 and NT-4 expression in female MS patients. It can be concluded that such trainings could have protective and positive effects on the nervous system of MS patients.

/pdf/effect-of-8-week-aquatic-training-and-resistance-training-on-cwvjrlukua.pdf

Effect of 8-Week Aquatic Training and Resistance Training on Plasma NT-4 Levels and NT-4 Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Women with Multiple Sclerosis

Background and Objective: Trophic factor family plays a key role for neuromuscular system healthy. This study was carried out to determine the effect of one session of resistance exercise on protein content and mRNA expression of NT4/5 in rat slow and fast muscles. Methods: In this experimental study, sixteen adult male rats randomly were allocated into resistance exercise (T) and control groups. The resistance training protocol consisted of climbing a 1-meter–long ladder, with a weight attached to a tail sleeve. Quantitative Real time RT-PCR for NT-4/5 expression and ELISA Kit for protein assay were used. Results: Resistance training significantly decreased mRNA expression and increased protein of NT4/5 in soleus muscle (P<0.05). Significant alteration was not detected in flexor hallucis longus muscle. Conclusion: One session of resistance training can alter protein and mRNA of NT-4/5 in skeletal muscle and this alteration was dependent on muscle type.

/pdf/effect-of-resistance-exercise-on-protein-content-and-mrna-5a6qk5yzd8.pdf

Effect of resistance exercise on protein content and mrna expression of nt 4/5 in rat slow and fast muscles

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Effect of resistance exercise on protein content and mrna expression of nt 4/5 in rat slow and fast muscles