In the 2015 review paper 'Petawatt Class Lasers Worldwide' a comprehensive overview of the current status of highpower facilities of >200 TW was presented. This was largely based on facility specifications, with some description of their uses, for instance in fundamental ultra-high-intensity interactions, secondary source generation, and inertial confinement fusion (ICF). With the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics being awarded to Professors Donna Strickland and Gerard Mourou for the development of the technique of chirped pulse amplification (CPA), which made these lasers possible, we celebrate by providing a comprehensive update of the current status of ultra-high-power lasers and demonstrate how the technology has developed. We are now in the era of multi-petawatt facilities coming online, with 100 PW lasers being proposed and even under construction. In addition to this there is a pull towards development of industrial and multidisciplinary applications, which demands much higher repetition rates, delivering high-average powers with higher efficiencies and the use of alternative wavelengths: mid-IR facilities. So apart from a comprehensive update of the current global status, we want to look at what technologies are to be deployed to get to these new regimes, and some of the critical issues facing their development.

/pdf/petawatt-and-exawatt-class-lasers-worldwide-10zgtun6jp.pdf

Petawatt and exawatt class lasers worldwide

We demonstrate the highest intensity - 300 TW laser by developing booster amplifying stage to the 50-TW-Ti:sapphire laser (HERCULES). To our knowledge this is the first multi-100TW-scale laser at 0.1 Hz repetition rate.

Ultra-high intensity- 300-TW laser at 0.1 Hz repetition rate.

We demonstrate that a beam of x-ray radiation can be generated by simply focusing a single high-intensity laser pulse into a gas jet. A millimeter-scale laser-produced plasma creates, accelerates, and wiggles an ultrashort and relativistic electron bunch. As they propagate in the ion channel produced in the wake of the laser pulse, the accelerated electrons undergo betatron oscillations, generating a femtosecond pulse of synchrotron radiation, which has keV energy and lies within a narrow (50 mrad) cone angle.

/pdf/production-of-a-kev-x-ray-beam-from-synchrotron-radiation-in-276a1szg8b.pdf

Production of a keV x-ray beam from synchrotron radiation in relativistic laser-plasma interaction.

The use of ultra-high intensity laser beams to achieve extreme material states in the laboratory has become almost routine with the development of the petawatt laser. Petawatt class lasers have been constructed for specific research activities, including particle acceleration, inertial confinement fusion and radiation therapy, and for secondary source generation (x-rays, electrons, protons, neutrons and ions). They are also now routinely coupled, and synchronized, to other large scale facilities including megajoule scale lasers, ion and electron accelerators, x-ray sources and z-pinches. The authors of this paper have tried to compile a comprehensive overview of the current status of petawatt class lasers worldwide. The definition of ‘petawatt class’ in this context is a laser that delivers .

/pdf/petawatt-class-lasers-worldwide-4lv5sj6zyy.pdf

Petawatt class lasers worldwide

560 TW peak power has been achieved experimentally using a Cr:forsterite master oscillator at 1250 nm, a stretcher, three optical parametrical amplifiers based on KD*P crystals providing 38 J energy in the chirped pulse at 910 nm central wavelength, and a vacuum compressor providing 43 fs pulse duration. To our knowledge, it is a world-record OPCPA system and one of the five most powerful laser systems currently available.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1002/lapl.200710008/pdf

Compact 0.56 Petawatt laser system based on optical parametric chirped pulse amplification in KD*P crystals

We investigated second harmonic generation with ultrahigh intensity femtosecond laser pulses from a terawatt Ti: sapphire laser system. Energy conversion efficiency of about 80 % for a type I potassium dideuterium phosphate crystal was obtained with 130 fs laser pulses at an intensity as high as 192 GW/cm 2.

Second - harmonic generation of ultra-high intensity femtosecond pulses with a KDP crystal.

Over the past 15 years, there has been rapid progress in producing high peak power, ultrashort laser pulses by incorporating the technique of chirped pulse amplification (CPA). In this paper a laboratory-scaled PW Ti:sapphire laser system which is currently being produced 32.9-fs pulses with a peak power of 0.85-PW is investigated.

0.85 PW, 33 fs laser pulse generation from a Ti:sapphire laser system

We review progress in the generation of multiterawatt optical pulses in the 10-fs range As an example, the design, performance and characterization of a Ti:sapphire laser system based on chirped-pulse amplification at the Advanced Photon Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute is described This system produces 20-fs pulses with peak and average powers of 100-TW and 20-W, respectively at a 10-Hz repetition rate and is currently being applied to perform high-field atomic ionization experiments at a relativistic intensity regime We also discuss extension of the system that is presently upgrading to the petawatt power level

Status and future developments of ultrahigh intensity lasers at JAERI

We have successfully produced a laser pulse with a peak power of 0.85-PW for a pulse duration of 32.9-fs in a four-stage Ti:sapphire amplifier chain based on chirped-pulse amplification. Summary: Over the past decade, there has been rapid progress in generating high peak power, ultrashort laser pulses by incorporating the technique of chirped pulse amplification (CPA). Such laser sources are making intensities approaching - 10" W/cm' available for the study of relativistic light matter interactions. A few years ago, scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratoty reported that laser pulses as sholt as 450-fs with over one petawatt peak power has been generated by using a large scale, inertial-confinanent-fusion, Nd:glass laser (I). Though different approaches of reductions in the pulse duration down to IO'S-fs and uses Ti:sapphire gain media, we have developed a lahoratoly-scaled petawatt Ti:sapphire CPA system which is currently being produced 32.9-fs pulses with a peak power of 0.85-PW. To scale the system to the petawatt power level, a 3-pass booster amplifier with an 80-mm diameter, 33-mm long Ti:sapphire crystal is added to the airrent 100-TW, 20-fs Ti:sapphire CPA laser chain (2). We have amplified the laser pulses with energies of 37.4-J from the edge cladded, Tksapphire disk amplifier with an absorbing doped polymer thermoplastic pumped by a 61.4-J frequencydoubled, Ndglass laser. The conversion efficiency defined as the green energy output divided by the IR energy input was more than 50%. In order to compensate for the phase distortion of the materials up to fourth order in the laser chain, we have chosen a 1,200-grooves/mm niled grating in the Ofier stretcher and 1,480- groovdmm holographic gratings in the vacuum compressor. The pulse duration and energy of the compressed pulse were measured to be 32.9-fs and 28-3, respectively, which implies the peak power of 0.85-PW. To our knowledge, this result represents the highest peak power pulses yet produced used in any Tisapphire CPA system.

Generation of a 0.85-pW, 33-fs laser pulse from a Ti:sapphire laser system

Summary form only given. We report on the design and construction of a laboratory-scaled Ti:sapphire chirped pulse amplification laser system which is capable of producing sub-30 fs pulses with peak power of 1 PW.

Development of a petawatt Ti:sapphire laser system

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