Since 1999, the TRIUMF-ISAC facility has been providing rare isotope beams for nuclear physics experiments. The three pillars of the program are nuclear structure, nuclear astrophysics, and fundamental symmetries. This article reviews highlights of each of these aspects of the ISAC science program, including tests of the collective behaviors, first explained by Bohr, Mottelson and Rainwater, at the limits of nuclear stability, and future prospects with the ARIEL facility at TRIUMF.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0031-8949/91/9/093002/pdf

The TRIUMF-ISAC facility: two decades of discovery with rare isotope beams

http://hub.hku.hk/bitstream/10722/238715/1/content.pdf

Observation of β-delayed two-proton emission in the decay of 22 Si

A Laser Ion Source and Trap (LIST) for a thick-target, isotope-separation on-line facility has been implemented at CERN ISOLDE for the production of pure, laser-ionized, radioactive ion beams. It offers two modes of operation, either as an ion guide, which performs similarly to the standard ISOLDE resonance ionization laser ion source (RILIS), or as a more selective ion source, where surface-ionized ions from the hot ion-source cavity are repelled by an electrode, while laser ionization is done within a radiofrequency quadrupole ion guide. The first physics application of the LIST enables the suppression of francium contamination in ion beams of neutron-rich polonium isotopes at ISOLDE by more than 1000 with a reduction in laser-ionization efficiency of only 20. Resonance ionization spectroscopy is performed directly inside the LIST device, allowing the study of the hyperfine structure and isotope shift of 217Po for the first time. Nuclear decay spectroscopy of 219Po is performed for the first time, revealing its half-life, ?- to-?-decay branching ratio, and ?-particle energy. This experiment demonstrates the applicability of the LIST at radioactive ion-beam facilities for the production and study of pure beams of exotic isotopes.

http://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/136970/1/In%20source.pdf

In-source laser spectroscopy with the Laser Ion Source and Trap: first direct study of the ground-state properties of 217,219Po

In recent years, extensive short-lived nuclear mass measurements have been carried out at the Heavy- Ion Research Facility (HIRFL) in Lanzhou using Isochronous Mass Spectrometry (IMS). The obtained mass values have been successfully applied to nuclear structure and astrophysics studies. In this contribution, we give a brief introduction to the nuclear mass measurements at HIRFL-CSR facility. Main technical developments are described and recent results are summarized. Furthermore, we envision the future perspective for the next-generation storage ring facility HIAF in Huizhou.

Precision mass measurements of short-lived nuclides at HIRFL-CSR in Lanzhou

Isochronous mass spectrometry has been applied in the storage ring CSRe to measure the masses of the $T_z=-3/2$ nuclei $^{27}$P and $^{29}$S. The new mass excess value $ME$($^{29}$S) $=-3094(13)$~keV is 66(52)~keV larger than the result of the previous $^{32}$S($^3$He,$^{6}$He)$^{29}$S reaction measurement in 1973 and a factor of 3.8 more precise. The new result for $^{29}$S, together with those of the $T=3/2$ isobaric analog states (IAS) in $^{29}$P, $^{29}$Si, and $^{29}$Al, fit well into the quadratic form of the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation IMME. The mass excess of $^{27}$P has been remeasured to be $ME(^{27}$P$)=-685(42)$ keV. By analyzing the linear and quadratic coefficients of the IMME in the $T_z=-3/2$ $sd$-shell nuclei, it was found that the ratio of the Coulomb radius parameters is $R\approx0.96$ and is nearly the same for all $T=3/2$ isospin multiplets. Such a nearly constant $R$-value, apparently valid for the entire light mass region with $A>9$, can be used to set stringent constraints on the isovector and isotensor components of the isospin non-conserving forces in theoretical calculations.

Masses of the T z =-3 /2 nuclei 27 P and 29 S

Using the Penning trap mass spectrometer TITAN, we performed the first direct mass measurements of 20;21 Mg, isotopes that are the most proton-rich members of the A = 20 and A = 21 isospin multiplets. These measurements were possible through the use of a unique ion-guide laser ion source, a development that suppressed isobaric contamination by six orders of magnitude. Compared to the latest atomic mass evaluation, we find that the mass of 21 Mg is in good agreement but that the mass of 20 Mg deviates by 3 . These measurements reduce the uncertainties in the masses of 20;21 Mg by 15 and 22 times, respectively, resulting in a significant departure from the expected behavior of the isobaric multiplet mass equation in both the A = 20 and A = 21 multiplets. This presents a challenge to shell model calculations using either the isospin non-conserving USDA/B Hamiltonians or isospin non-conserving interactions based on chiral two- and three-nucleon forces.

/pdf/breakdown-of-the-isobaric-multiplet-mass-equation-for-the-a-4c68qko089.pdf

Breakdown of the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation for the A ¼ 20 and 21 Multiplets

The β -decay half lives of nuclei near the r -process path are critical information required for abundance calculations, especially those near neutron number N = 82. Specifically, the nuclei below doubly-magic 132 Sn are key, and play an important role in the formation and shape of the second r -process abundance peak. The half lives in this region are challenging to measure due to the significant β -delayed neutron decay branches and the population of isomeric states with half lives comparable to the ground states. However, by measuring the time distribution of γ rays, these complications can be eliminated. This requires, however, a very effcient γ-ray spectrometer since the production of isotopes in this region is very limited. The new GRIFFIN array at TRIUMF-ISAC provides the high effciency required for these measurements. Recent improvements in the quality of the beams produced at TRIUMF, employing the IG-LIS device, are outlined, as well as the current status of the ARIEL facility. The GRIFFIN spectrometer and its use are briefly described. The experiment to measure the half lives of 128-130 Cd is outlined and the results given, and some examples of the power of GRIFFIN to expand decay schemes, specifically for the decay of 128 Cd to 128 In, are given.

/pdf/advances-at-triumf-isac-and-decay-of-neutron-rich-cd-studied-22cptiupnb.pdf

Advances at TRIUMF-ISAC and decay of neutron-rich Cd studied with GRIFFIN

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Breakdown of the Isobaric Multiplet Mass Equation for the A ¼ 20 and 21 Multiplets

Advances at TRIUMF-ISAC and decay of neutron-rich Cd studied with GRIFFIN