Background—Remnant lipoproteins are atherogenic, but assays of remnants have not been available in routine clinical laboratories because of the lack of practical and validated methods. A simple and reliable method for such an assay, using an immunochemical approach, has recently been developed. This study prospectively examined whether remnant lipoprotein levels in fasting serum, measured by our method, may have prognostic value in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and Results—Remnant lipoprotein levels in fasting serum were measured in 135 patients with CAD by an immunoaffinity mixed gel containing anti-apolipoprotein (apo) A-1 and anti–apoB-100 monoclonal antibodies. Patients were followed up for ≤36 months until occurrence of 1 of the following clinical coronary events: recurrent or refractory angina pectoris requiring coronary revascularization, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or cardiac death. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significantly higher probability of developing coron...

Remnant Lipoprotein Levels in Fasting Serum Predict Coronary Events in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACD). The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), which is the logarithmic transformation of the plasma triglyceride (TG) level to the high-density lipoprotein level (HDL) ratio, has been suggested to be a novel marker in the identification of atherosclerosis risk. Therefore, this study aims to determine if the AIP can act as an accurate marker for the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis. Fifty-two male patients with AS and 52 age-, gender-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy control subjects were included in the study. For each patient, AIP and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL values were calculated and carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) was measured. The mean (SD) cIMT and median (range) AIP values for AS patients were higher than that of the healthy control subjects (0.60 ± 0.18 vs. 0.51 ± 0.10, p = 0.003 and 0.23 [− 0.32 to 0.85] vs. 0.09 [− 0.53 to 0.49], p = 0.007, respectively). A positive correlation was found between the patients’ cIMT and AIP values (r = 0.307, p = 0.002) and TC/HDL values (r = 0.241, p = 0.014). Regression analysis revealed an independent association between the subclinical atherosclerosis and AIP (beta [β] = 0.309, p = 0.002). There were no independent correlations between subclinical atherosclerosis and TC (β = 0.245, p = 0.065), TG (β = 0.185, p = 0.515), HDL (β = 0.198, p = 0.231), TC/HDL (β = 0.032, p = 0.862), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (β = 0.151, p = 0.246). A strong and independent correlation exists between AIP and cIMT values. Therefore, the AIP could serve as a better marker than the TC/HDL ratio for the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in AS patients.

Atherogenic index of plasma: a useful marker for subclinical atherosclerosis in ankylosing spondylitis : AIP associate with cIMT in AS.

Association between plasma essential amino acids and atherogenic lipid profile in a Chinese population: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: Atherosclerosis (arteriosclerosis) is a chronic arterial disease of the arteries with chronic inflammatory. The pathology of atherosclerosis is complex, and the atherosclerotic process is multi-factorial, not fully understood. Risk factors of atherosclerotic lesions may include: lipid disorders, hypertension or diabetes. One of the diagnostic methods of discovering atherosclerosis covers the assessment of the intima–media complex thickness by Doppler ultrasonography. Aim: The aim of this report was an evaluation of the relationships between intima–media complex thickness in the right and left carotid arteries and the occurrence of atheromatous plaque in the Lublin population with respect to three possible concomitant medical conditions, mentioned above. Material and methods: A group of 121 subjects was included into the study, all of the participants being residential inhabitants of the Lublin Voivodship. All the participating patients were requested to fill in a questionnaire. After that, the patients were submitted to Doppler sonography concentrated on intima–media complex thickness evaluation. The occurrence of atheromatous plaque was also assessed in obtained sonographic images. Results: There were statistically significant differences for the intima–media complex thickness and for the atheromatous plaque according to all of the reported diseases: hypocholesterolaemia, hypertension and diabetes. Conclusions: The present study confirms that there is a relationship between the thickness of the intima–media complex in the right and left carotid arteries as well as the occurrence of the atherosclerotic plaque regarding the coexistence of specific disease entities in the subjects of the Lublin population.

/pdf/intima-media-complex-thickness-and-carotid-atherosclerotic-3oltnffn0h.pdf

Intima–media complex thickness and carotid atherosclerotic plaque formation in Lublin’s population in the context of selected comorbidities

Objective Recurrent aphtous stomatitis (RAS) is an inflammatory oral mucosal disease. It has been known that inflammatory cascade plays important role in the atherosclerotic process. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between subclinical atherosclerotic findings and a systemic inflammatory disease, RAS. Methods In total, 32 patients with RAS were matched with 30 control subjects on the basis of age, sex, and major cardiovascular risk factors. Laboratory parameters including lipid profiles were determined for patients and controls. B-mode ultrasonography was used to assess carotid extra-medial thickness (cEMT) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). Results Both cEMT and cIMT in the RAS group were significantly higher than in the control group (P = 0.002 and 0.013, respectively). There was a significant positive correlation between cIMT and cEMT (r = 0.381, P = 0.034). cIMT was positively correlated with age, triglyceride levels, and systolic blood pressure, while cEMT was positively correlated with age in patients with RAS. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first reported study to evaluate cEMT and cIMT in patients with RAS. This study presents morphological evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with RAS. Further studies investigating the relationship between atherosclerosis and RAS are needed.

Subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

The subclass of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins - remnant-like particles (RLP) seems to be strong and independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We evaluated the role of RLP and other risk factors (RF) with sonographically measured intima-media thickness of carotid arteries (IMT CCA) in a cohort of Czech population including women defined according to the time after menopause. We investigated relation of IMT CCA to age, weight, central obesity, plasma lipids including remnant-like particles cholesterol (RLP-C) and triglycerides (RLP-TG) in 136 men and 160 women. Using multiple linear regression analysis, significant association between IMT CCA and RLP-C was found in women 1-7 years after menopause. In the whole group of women, only age and fasting blood glucose were independently associated with IMT CCA. In men only age significantly correlated with IMT CCA. Significant decrease of all plasma lipids between 1988 and 1996 in men was detected, while in women significant increase in triglycerides and no change in non-HDL cholesterol was observed. RLP-C was the strongest independent RF for atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women but its association with IMT CCA was limited to several years after menopause. In conclusion, women changing reproductive status could be more sensitive to atherogenic impact of remnant lipoproteins.

/pdf/association-of-intima-media-thickness-of-carotid-arteries-3xr7oehska.pdf

Association of intima-media thickness of carotid arteries with remnant lipoproteins in men and women.

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Association of intima-media thickness of carotid arteries with remnant lipoproteins in men and women.