Electric monopole transitions from low-energy excitations in nuclei.

Electric monopole transitions between 0+ states for nuclei throughout the periodic table

Alpha decay of even–even nuclei in the region 78⩽Z⩽102 to the ground state and excited states of daughter nuclei

Background: Nuclei located in the neutron-deficient Pb region have a complex structure, rapidly evolving as a function of neutron and proton numbers. The most famous example is ${}^{186}$Pb where the three lowest levels are ${0}^{+}$ states, the two excited ${0}^{+}$ states being located at low excitation energy around 600 keV. Coexisting structures with different properties are found in the neighboring nuclei. Many experiments have been performed over the last few years in which in-band and out-of-band $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray transition probabilities have been measured.Purpose: A detailed interpretation of experimental data requires the use of a method going beyond a mean-field approach that permits to determine spectra and transition probabilities. Such methods have already been applied to selected isotopes in this mass region. Our aim is to provide a systematic investigation of this mass region in order to determine how well experimental data can be understood using a state-of-the-art method for nuclear structure.Method: The starting point of our method is a set of mean-field wave functions generated with a constraint on the axial quadrupole moment and using a Skyrme energy density functional. Correlations beyond the mean field are introduced by projecting mean-field wave functions on angular-momentum and particle number and by mixing the symmetry-restored wave functions as a function of the axial quadrupole moment.Results: A detailed comparison with the available data is performed for energies, charge radii, spectroscopic quadrupole moments, and $E0$ and $E2$ transition probabilities for the isotopic chains of neutron deficient Hg, Pb, Po, and Rn. The connection between our results and the underlying mean field is also analyzed.Conclusions: Qualitative agreement with the data is obtained although our results indicate that the actual energy density functionals have to be improved further to achieve a quantitative agreement.

Systematics of low-lying states of even-even nuclei in the neutron-deficient lead region from a beyond-mean-field calculation

/pdf/an-experimental-view-on-shape-coexistence-in-nuclei-3ia9nv9j.pdf

An experimental view on shape coexistence in nuclei

A new picosecond lifetime measurement system developed at UNISOR was used to determine the half-life of the well-deformed levels in 188Hg and 186Hg. The half-life values were measured to be 204±45 ps in 188Hg and ≤52 ps in 186Hg. The corresponding values of ρ2(E0)×103, obtained from the partial half-lives, were and ≥32, respectively. Additionally, the half-lives of the levels were determined to be 141±31 ps in 188Hg and 48±27 ps in 186Hg.

LIFETIMES OF THE $0_2^ + $ CONFIGURATION IN 186Hg AND 188Hg

The {alpha} decay of mass separated {sup 190}Pb was studied at the UNISOR on-line facility and fine structure was observed, feeding the 2{sup +}{sub 1} and 0{sup +}{sub 2} states in {sup 186}Hg identified previously in {beta}-decay and in-beam {gamma}-ray studies. The hindrance factor of the {alpha} decay to the excited 0{sup +}{sub 2} state in {sup 186}Hg is similar to that observed in {sup 182,184}Hg. The variation of the hindrance factor to the 2{sup +}{sub 1} states in {sup 182,184,186}Hg is discussed. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}

Observation of fine structure in 190Pb alpha decay.

Experiments designed to select the most appropriate target material for generating a particular radioactive ion beam (RIB) are in progress at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. They are important to the future success of the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF). The 25-MV HHIRF tandem accelerator is used to implant stable complements of interesting radioactive elements into refractory targets mounted in a high-temperature FEBIAD ion source which is `on-line' at the UNISOR facility. The intensity versus time of implanted species, which diffuse from the high-temperature target material (approximately equals 1700 degree(s)C) and are ionized in the FEBIAD ion source, is used to determine release times for a particular projectile/target material combination. From such release data, diffusion coefficients can be derived by fitting the theoretical results obtained by computational solution of Fick's second equation to experimental data. The diffusion coefficient can be used subsequently to predict the release properties of the particular element from the same material in other target geometries and at other temperatures, provided that the activation energy is also known. Diffusion coefficients for Cl implanted into and diffused from CeS and Zr5Si3 and As, Br, and Se implanted into and diffused from Zr5Ge3 have been derived from the resulting intensity versus time profiles. Brief descriptions of the experimental apparatus and procedures utilized in the present experiments and plans for future related experiments are also presented.© (1995) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

/pdf/diffusion-properties-of-ion-implanted-species-in-selected-3bjzr5zo1t.pdf

Diffusion properties of ion-implanted species in selected target materials

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LIFETIMES OF THE $0_2^ + $ CONFIGURATION IN 186Hg AND 188Hg

Observation of fine structure in 190Pb alpha decay.

Diffusion properties of ion-implanted species in selected target materials