This review paper describes the energy-upgraded Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) accelerator. This superconducting linac has achieved 12 GeV beam energy by adding 11 new high-performance cryomodules containing 88 superconducting cavities that have operated cw at an average accelerating gradient of <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:mrow><a:mn>20</a:mn><a:mtext> </a:mtext><a:mtext> </a:mtext><a:mi>MV</a:mi><a:mo>/</a:mo><a:mi mathvariant="normal">m</a:mi></a:mrow></a:math>. After reviewing the attributes and performance of the previous 6 GeV CEBAF accelerator, we discuss the upgraded CEBAF accelerator system in detail with particular attention paid to the new beam acceleration systems. In addition to doubling the acceleration in each linac, the upgrade included improving the beam recirculation magnets, adding more helium cooling capacity to allow the newly installed modules to run cold, adding a new experimental hall, and improving numerous other accelerator components. We review several of the techniques deployed to operate and analyze the accelerator performance and document system operating experience and performance. In the final portion of the document, we present much of the current planning regarding projects to improve accelerator performance and enhance operating margins, and our plans for ensuring CEBAF operates reliably into the future. For the benefit of potential users of CEBAF, the performance and quality measures for the beam delivered to each of the experimental halls are summarized in the Appendix. Published by the American Physical Society 2024 

The Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility at 12 GeV

The CEBAF accelerator at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility contains 415 resistive dipoles in the recirculation arcs and transport lines. These dipoles were originally designed and magnetically mapped to support the operation of the accelerator at 6 GeV. Recent interests in upgrading the CEBAF energy beyond 6 GeV prompted a study into operating the dipoles beyond their design limits. Finite element modeling was performed to quantify saturation effects at higher currents and to test simple modifications to improve magnetic performance. For confirmation, various setups were prototyped and magnetically measured. Measurement results agreed with finite element models and showed that saturation could be reduced to manageable levels. It was found that the most populous dipole families could be modified to reach twice their design field with minimal cost and effort. At these higher fields, the magnets operate at a reasonable thermal state with minimal saturation losses and little degradation in field quality. Work continues on studying the smaller populations of dipoles to determine their performance at higher fields.

/pdf/modification-of-the-cebaf-transport-dipoles-for-energy-3kmcb6hofm.pdf

Modification of the CEBAF transport dipoles for energy upgrade considerations

This paper presents interim conceptual plans for upgrading the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility to extend Jefferson Lab's world leadership in nuclear physics research. The CEBAF accelerator was designed in the mid-1980's to provide beams of electrons at an energy of 4 GeV (billion electron volts) for use as probes of the atom's nucleus in CEBAF's three experiment halls. As of early 1999, the accelerator exceeds its design energy by routinely operating above 5.5 GeV. When upgraded, it will provide 11 GeV electron beams for studies in existing experimental halls and 12 GeV electrons to generate photon beams for related but qualitatively different nuclear studies in a new Hall D.

/pdf/jefferson-lab-cebaf-energy-upgrade-plans-1tcfdp67tw.pdf

Jefferson Lab CEBAF energy upgrade plans

This paper presents interim conceptual plans for upgrading the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility to extend Jefferson Lab's world leadership in nuclear physics research. The CEBAF accelerator was designed in the mid-1980s to provide beams of electrons at an energy of 4 GeV (billion electron volts) for use as probes of the atom's nucleus in CEBAF's three experiment halls. As of early 1999, the accelerator exceeds its design energy by routinely operating above 5.5 GeV. When upgraded, it will provide 11 GeV electron beams for studies in existing experimental halls and 12 GeV electrons to generate photon beams for related but qualitatively different nuclear studies in a new Hall D 1 .

Jefferson lab CEBAF energy upgrade plans

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Modification of the CEBAF transport dipoles for energy upgrade considerations

Jefferson Lab CEBAF energy upgrade plans

Jefferson lab CEBAF energy upgrade plans