Odonate larvae play an important role in wetland systems, providing food for many fish species and birds. Besides, they are important predators in these ecosystems. However, studies of factors that determine odonate species richness and distribution in wetlands are scarce in the Neotropical region. The objectives of this study were to: 1) conduct a survey of the diversity of odonate larvae in southern Brazil wetlands, and 2) determine how much variation in odonate richness, abundance and composition is explained by wetland area, altitude, water conductivity and nitrate, hydroperiod, and dominant aquatic vegetation in 140 wetlands in an extensive area of the Neotropical region (,280,000 km 2 , southern Brazil). A total of 4,039 individuals distributed among five families and 28 genera were collected. Libellulidae, Coenagrionidae and Aeshnidae were the families that showed the greatest richness. Erythrodiplax was observed in more than 70% of the sampled wetlands, and comprised 61% of individuals collected. Richness was negatively associated with wetland area and nitrate concentration. Odonate abundance was negatively associated with water conductivity and nitrate, and it was higher in aquatic beds than in emergent wetlands. Richness and abundance were higher in permanent than in intermittent wetlands. Variation in odonate composition was correlated with wetland altitude, area and water conductivity. Hydroperiod and dominant aquatic vegetation also influenced composition. Our results showed that southern Brazil wetlands are important habitats for 28 odonate genera, and that richness, abundance and composition are influenced mainly by hydroperiod, nitrate, and aquatic vegetation type. These results should be seen as important to determine the environmental factors that shape and maintain odonate diversity in southern Brazil wetlands.

Responses of Odonate Communities to Environmental Factors in Southern Brazil Wetlands

Odonata larvae have been intensively used as bioindicators for freshwater pollution as their community
structure closely follow changes in the environment and habitat settings. In this study, 28
taxa of Odonata larvae were collected from three stations (upper, middle and lower) of a polluted
river in Malaysia. The upper river basin receives effluents from an oil palm plantation. However,
the middle station is presumably contaminated with anthropogenic wastes. The lower station
is found to receive polluted discharges from aquaculture outlet. Several environmental parameters
of water and sediment were continuously measured during the study. The water parameters
showed no significant differences amongst the three stations. The species richness of Odonata was
22, 24 and 20 in the upper, middle and lower stations, respectively. The abundance of Odonata was
significantly different among the studied sites. The tolerant damselfly, Pseudagrion sp. (41.22%),
and facultative dragonflies, Onychothemis sp. (17.12%), were the most dominant taxa along the
river stations. Onychothemis sp. and Paragomphus capricornis were equally important at the upper
station [Important Species Index (ISI) 25.3 and 24.2%, respectively]. Pseudagrion sp. only scored
an ISI value of 9.7%. Pseudagrion sp., P. capricornis and Onychothemis sp. were dominant in the
middle station (ISI: 41.2%, 25.9% and 10.9% respectively), and Pseudagrion sp., Onychothemis sp.
and Prodasineura sp. dominated the areas with dense growth of submerged aquatic weeds Hydrilla
sp. in the lower station (ISI: 47.9, 24.5 and 13.8%, respectively). On the basis of the variations in
larval abundance and ISI values, microhabitats differences partly in response to different types of
pollutions entering the water structured the Odonata communities in this river basin.

/pdf/effect-of-environmental-disturbances-on-odonata-assemblages-3qgnkqzfc4.pdf

Effect of Environmental Disturbances on Odonata Assemblages along a Tropical Polluted River

The Sundaland species of the genus Dysphaea were studied using molecular and morphological methods. Four species are recognized: D. dimidiata Selys, D. lugens Selys, D. ulu spec. nov. (holotype ♂, from Borneo, Sarawak, Miri division, Upper Baram, Sungai Pejelai, Ulu Moh, 24 viii 2014; deposited in RMNH) and D. vanida spec. nov. (holotype ♂, from Thailand, Ranong province, Khlong Nakha, Khlong Bang Man, 12-13 v 1999; deposited in RMNH). The four species are described and illustrated for both sexes, with keys provided. The type specimens of the four Dysphaea taxa named by E. de Selys Longchamps, i.e. dimidiata, limbata, semilimbata and lugens, were studied and their taxonomic status is discussed. Lectotypes are designated for D. dimidiata and D. limbata. D. dimidiata is recorded from Palawan (the Philippines) for the first time. A molecular analysis using three markers (COI, 16S and 28S) is presented. This includes specimens of three Sundaland species of the genus (D. lugens missing) and two congeners from other regions (D. basi-tincta and D. gloriosa). Notes and photographs of the male holotype of D. walli Fraser (from Maymyo, Burma) are provided.

/pdf/revision-of-the-sundaland-species-of-the-genus-dysphaea-1wl54g4xrc.pdf

Revision of the Sundaland species of the genus Dysphaea Selys, 1853 using molecular and morphological methods, with notes on allied species (Odonata: Euphaeidae).

Selorejo Waterfall is a natural tourism area that is quite far from downtown Ponorogo and directly adjacent to the Gunung Sigogor Nature Reserve. Hence, this area has the potential as a natural habitat for dragonfly and damselfly. The presence of dragonfly and damselfly species is determined by the type of habitat, canopy conditions, vegetation diversity, and the microclimate that exists in a location. This study aimed to determine the diversity of dragonfly and damselfly and to determine the community structure of dragonflies in Selorejo Waterfall. The sampling method was Visual Day Flying. The results of research conducted in two streams showed that there were 12 species from 6 families with a total of 230 individuals. The value of species diversity at this location is H '= 2.05. In the community structure at the Selorejo Waterfall dragonfly, there are differences in the number of species and individuals in the two streams in Selorejo Waterfall Area. The large stream, eight species from four families, 151 individuals in total. Meanwhile, in small stream, there were nine species from six families, 79 individuals in total. The differences in the number of species and individual dragonflies in the two streams at Selorejo Waterfall can be used to describe the diversity and structure of the Odonata community in the area.

/pdf/diversity-and-community-structure-of-dragonfly-and-damselfly-3pfzln3nsz.pdf

Diversity and Community Structure of Dragonfly and Damselfly (Odonata) at the Selorejo Waterfall Area, Ponorogo Regency, East Java Indonesia

Studi keanekaragaman capung dapat membantu dalam konservasi makhluk hidup. Capung pada tahap dewasa dapat dengan mudah dijumpai dan diamati. Capung memiliki peran penting dalam ekosistem yaitu sebagai predator. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragman capung di TelagaÂ  Madirda pada habitat perairan (telaga) dan padang rumput. Metode penelitian menggunakan titik sampling dan dilakukan pehitungan cacah individu secara langsung. Data dianalisis dengan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wienner(Hâ€™) dan indeks kemerataan Evennes (E). Hasil penelitian didapatkan 19Â  spesies capung dari 5 famili. 12 spesies termasuk dalam subordo Anisoptera dan 7 Spesies masuk dalam subordo Zygoptera. Ditemukan satu spesies capung endemik jawa yaitu Rhinocypha fenestrata . Indeks keanekaragaman Shanoon-Wienner (Hâ€™) pada habitat perairan 2,11 dan pada habitat padang rumput 0,93,Â  yang menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman pada habitat perairan dalam kategori sedang dan habitat padang rumput dalam kategori rendah. The study of dragonfly diversity can help in the conservation of living things. Dragonflies in the adult stage can be easily found and observed. Dragonflies have an important role in the ecosystem, namely as predators. The study aimed to find out the dragonfly diversity in Madirda Lake in aquatic and grassland habitats. The research method uses sampling points and counts individual counts directly. Data were analyzed by the Shannon-Wienner (H ') diversity index and Evennes (E) evenness index. The results of the study showed 19 species of dragonflies from 5 families. 12 species are included in the Anisoptera suborder and 7 species are included in the Zygoptera suborder. One endemic Java dragonfly species was found, Rhinocypha fenestrata. The Shanoon-Wien ner (H â€™) diversity index in 2.11 aquatic habitats and on grassland habitats 0.93, which shows that diversity in aquatic habitats is in the medium category and grassland habitat is in the low category.

Keanekaragaman Odonata pada Habitat Perairan dan Padang Rumput di Telaga Madirda

A rich collection of 593 individuals belonging to 44 species from 11 families of Odonata were successfully identified at Sekayu Recreational Forest, Terengganu from September until December 2005. Zygopterans (393 individuals) were found to be more abundant than anisopterans (200 individuals). However, Libellulidae (suborder Anisoptera) made up the most dominant family collected with 31.9% of total individuals recorded. Euphaea ochracea and Rhinocypha limbata were found to be the most abundant species recorded in this study. More individuals were collected from middle stream (MS) of Sungai Sekayu followed by lower stream (LS) and upper stream (US). However, ANOVA does not show significant difference among the individuals represented at each study sites as all the study areas consist of similar microhabitats.

Diversity and distribution of dragonflies (insecta: odonata) in sekayu recreational forest, terengganu

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Diversity and distribution of dragonflies (insecta: odonata) in sekayu recreational forest, terengganu