The Rare Isotope Science Project (RISP) was launched by the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) in December 2011 in Korea. The project aims to construct the new accelerator complex consisting of the Isotope Separation On-Line (ISOL) and the In-Flight Fragment (IF) facilities for the rare isotope science. The scientific programs and the experimental systems of RISP are briefly introduced with an overview of the complex.

Experimental systems overview of the Rare Isotope Science Project in Korea

High-temperature superconductors (HTSs) have a much larger thermal margin than low-temperature superconductors, owing to their high critical temperatures. This characteristic allows HTS magnets to tolerate extremely high heat loads that may arise from radiation. Therefore, research on the development of HTS quadrupole magnets is progressing widely. Quadrupole magnets are commonly used for focusing the transported beams of particles in accelerators. In order to focus the beam, the quadrupole magnet uses an iron yoke with a hyperbolic contour. However, the iron yoke induces nonlinear magnetic characteristics because of saturation. Therefore, an air-core HTS quadrupole magnet is proposed to improve the magnetic characteristics. In this paper, we design air-core and iron-core HTS quadrupole magnet models using a harmonic matching method. The field gradient and effective length of both magnets are 12.1 T/m and 550 mm, respectively. In order to verify the performances of the proposed air-core quadrupole magnet, the magnetic field gradient, field uniformity, and effective length are analyzed for operating currents ranging from 50 to 400 A.

Comparative Study of Magnetic Characteristics of Air-Core and Iron-Core High-Temperature Superconducting Quadrupole Magnets

Rare-isotope beams will be produced by using the isotope separation on-line (ISOL) system at the Rare Isotope Science Project (RISP). A proton cyclotron is the driver accelerator for ISOL targets, and uranium carbide (UCx) will be a major target material. An isotope beam of interest extracted from the target will be ionized and selected by using a mass separator. The beam emittance will then be reduced by using a radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) cooler before the beam is injected into the electron-beam ion-source (EBIS) charge breeder (CB). The maximum electron beam current of the EBIS is 3 A from a cathode made of IrCe in an applied magnetic field of 0.2 T. The size of the electron beam is compressed by magnetic fields of up to 6 T caused in the charge-breeding region by a superconducting solenoid. The design of EBIS-CB was performed by using mechanics as well as beam optics. A test stand for the electron gun and its collector, which can take an electron-beam power of 20 kW, are under construction. The gun assembly was first tested by using a high-voltage pulse so as to measure its perveance. The design of the EBIS, along with its test stand, is described.

Design of an EBIS charge breeder system for rare-isotope beams

A so-called “two-step reaction scheme”, in which neutron-rich rare isotopes obtained from ISOL are post-accelerated and bombarded on a second target, is employed to estimate the production yields of exotic rare isotopes. The production yields of neutron-rich rare isotope fragments induced by 200 MeV/u 132 Sn beams bombarded on a 9 Be target are estimated with Monte Carlo code, GEANT4. To substantiate the use of GEANT4 for this study, benchmark calculations are done for 80 MeV/u 59 Co, 95 MeV/u 72 Zn, 500 MeV/u 92 Mo, and 950 MeV/u 132 Sn beams on the 9 Be target. It is found that 132 Sn beams can produce neutron-rich rare isotopes with 45 ⩽  Z  ⩽ 50 more effectively than 238 U beams at the same energy per nucleon.

Yield estimation of neutron-rich rare isotopes induced by 200 MeV/u $^{132}Sn$ beams by using GEANT4

Zynq series of Xilinx FPGA chips are divided into Processing System (PS) and Programmable Logic (PL), as a kind of SoC (System on Chip). PS with the dual-core ARM CortexA9 processor is performing the high-level control logic at run-time on Linux operating system. PL with the low-level Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) built on high-performance, low-power, and high-k metal gate process technology is connecting with a lot of I/O peripherals for real-time control system. EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System) is a set of open-source-based software tools which supports for the Ethernet-based middleware layer. In order to configure the environment of the distributed control system, EPICS middleware is equipped on the Linux operating system of the Zynq PS. In addition, a lot of digital logic gates of the Zynq PL of FPGA-Zynq evaluation board (ZedBoard) are connected with I/O pins of the daughter board via FPGA Mezzanine Connector (FMC) of ZedBoard. An interface between the Zynq PS and PL is interconnected with AMBA4 AXI. For the organic connection both the PS and PL, it also used the Linux device driver for AXI interface. This paper describes the content and configuration of the distributed and parallel real-time control system applying FPGA-Zynq and EPICS middleware.

Distributed and parallel real-time control system equipped FPGA-Zynq and EPICS middleware

The Rare Isotope Science Project (RISP) is launched in Korea to build the IF and ISOL facilities. Current status of RISP is introduced.

Status of Rare Isotope Science Project in Korea

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Status of Rare Isotope Science Project in Korea