• During September and October 1979,23 patients admitted to hospitals in the Boston area had systemicListeria monocytogenesinfection. Twenty (87%) of these isolates wereL monocytogenestype 4b, whereas only nine (33%) of the isolates serotyped during the preceding 26 months had been 4b. Patients with type 4b Listeria infection during the epidemic period (case patients) differed from patients with sporadic Listeria infection in the preceding two years in that more of the case patients had hospital-acquired infection (15/20 vs 4/18), had received antacids or cimetidine before the onset of listeriosis (12/20 vs 3/18), and had gastrointestinal tract symptoms that began at the same time as fever (17/20 vs 4/18). In addition, more case patients took antacids or cimetidine compared with patients matched for age, sex, and date of hospitalization (12/20 vs 10/40). Three foods were preferred by case patients more frequently than by control patients: tuna fish, chicken salad, and cheese. However, the only common feature appeared to be the serving of these foods with raw celery, tomatoes, and lettuce. The raw vegetables may have been contaminated withListeria, which was able to survive ingestion because of gastric acid neutralization and subsequently to cause enteritis, bacteremia, and meningitis in susceptible hosts. However, we cannot exclude pasteurized milk as a source of this outbreak. (Arch Intern Med1986;146:520-524)

https://jamanetwork.com/HttpHandlers/ArticlePdfHandler.ashx?journal=intemed&articleId=606676&pdfFileName=archinte_146_3_016.pdf

An outbreak of type 4b Listeria monocytogenes infection involving patients from eight Boston hospitals

Transport of nucleosides, nucleic acid bases, choline and glucose by animal cells in culture.

Nucleoside transport in mammalian cells. Inhibition by colchicine.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the importance of the mechanism of permeation of nucleosides, nucleobases, and nucleotides through the cell membranes of eukaryotes. Some of the reasons of its importance include (1) many anticancer and immunosuppressive agents presently in use or under development are nucleoside, nucleotide, or nucleobase analogs and a clear understanding of their mode of entry into cells and metabolism is important in the assessment of their mode of action, efficacy, and optimal administration, and (2) radioactively labeled nucleosides and nucleic acid bases are widely used as precursors to label specifically the nucleic acids of various types of organisms or of the viruses or plasmids replicating therein as well as to assess the rates of nucleic acid synthesis. An interpretation of the rates of nucleoside and base incorporation into nucleic acids, be it RNA or DNA, depends on a clear understanding of the extent to which these rates may reflect the rates of the conversion of the extracellular substrate to intracellular nucleotides, which are the direct precursors in nucleic acid synthesis. Elimination of the ambiguities inherent in metabolizing cells is of clear advantage to transport studies. Nucleoside and purine transport have been studied successfully in the absence of intracellular metabolism by the use of erythrocytes or of mutant clones of cultured animal cells that are deficient in specific metabolic enzymes and by the use of cell/substrate systems in which substrate metabolism is blocked in some other manner. The chapter also discusses the carrier model for facilitated diffusion and tests for its applicability to nucleoside and base transport.

Permeation of Nucleosides, Nucleic Acid Bases, and Nucleotides in Animal Cells

Listeria and gram-negative bacillary meningitis in New York City, 1972–1979: Frequent causes of meningitis in adults

Thymidine uptake into the acid-soluble fraction of several hamster cell lines differing in levels of thymidine kinase was examined. Uptake is correlated directly with the level of this enzyme, a kinase-deficient line showing the lowest uptake rate. At low extracellular concentrations the major portion of the uptake that occurs is related to phosphorylation, while at higher levels passive diffusion plays a proportionally greater role. This pattern holds for all cells tested except the kinase-deficient line, which shows no evidence of a phosphorylation-related process. By contrast, urindine uptake shows both a regulated and a passive process in all lines tested. The controlled uptake of these two compounds correlates with the ability of the cell to phosphorylate each nucleoside. The results suggest that phosphorylation may act as a regulating factor for pyrimidine nucleoside uptake across the cell membrane.

The role of phosphorylation in the uptake of thymidine in mammalian cells.

Transplant immunity to polyoma virus-induced tumor cells IV. A polyoma strain defective in transplant antigen induction☆

Role of hydrogen and disulfide bonds in polyoma capsid structure.

The rate of metastasis has been compared for a hamster fibrosarcoma line treated either with ultrasound or by surgical excision. Continuous wave, 5 MHz ultrasound at 3 W/cm 2 for 6–8 min brought tumor temperatures to 60–70°C. The animals were observed over a period of 12 weeks. The ultrasound treatment effectively eradicated the local tumor. There was no indication of induction of metastasis by the treatment.

Ultrasonic treatment of tumors: I. Absence of metastases following treatment of a hamster fibrosarcoma.

Polyoma virus and l cell relationship. ii. a curable carrier system not dependent on interferon.

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