We point out a new and largely model-independent constraint on the dark matter scattering cross section with nucleons, which applies when this quantity is larger than for typical weakly interacting dark matter candidates. When the dark matter capture rate in Earth is efficient, the rate of energy deposition by dark matter self-annihilation products would grossly exceed the measured heat flow of Earth. This improves the spin-independent cross section constraints by many orders of magnitude and closes the window between astrophysical constraints (at very large cross sections) and underground detector constraints (at small cross sections). In the applicable mass range, from {approx}1 to {approx}10{sup 10} GeV, the scattering cross section of dark matter with nucleons is then bounded from above by the latter constraints and hence must be truly weak, as usually assumed.

Towards Closing the Window on Strongly Interacting Dark Matter: Far-Reaching Constraints from Earth's Heat Flow

We present the spectrum of baryons in $SU(4)$ gauge theory with fundamental fermion constituents, which is of significant interest for composite dark matter model building. We first compare the spectra and properties of baryons in $SU(3)$ and $SU(4)$ gauge theories (in which they are fermionic and bosonic, respectively) and then compute the cross section for direct detection of dark matter via Higgs boson exchange for TeV-scale composite dark matter arising from a confining $SU(4)$ gauge sector. Comparison with the latest LUX results leads to tight bounds on the fraction of the mass of the constituent fermion that may arise from electroweak symmetry breaking. Lattice calculations of the dark matter mass spectrum and the Higgs--dark-matter coupling are performed on quenched ${16}^{3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}32$, ${32}^{3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}64$, ${48}^{3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}96$, and ${64}^{3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}128$ lattices with three different lattice spacings, using Wilson fermions with moderate to large pseudoscalar meson masses. Our results lay a foundation for future analytic and numerical studies of composite baryonic dark matter.

Composite bosonic baryon dark matter on the lattice: SU(4) baryon spectrum and the effective Higgs interaction

In anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking models, superpartner masses are proportional to couplings squared. Their hidden sectors therefore naturally contain WIMPless dark matter, particles whose thermal relic abundance is guaranteed to be of the correct size, even though they are not weakly interacting massive particles. We study viable dark matter candidates in WIMPless anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking models with non-Abelian hidden sectors and highlight unusual possibilities that emerge in even the simplest models. In one example with a pure SU(N) hidden sector, stable hidden gluinos freeze out with the correct relic density, but have an extremely low, but natural, confinement scale, providing a framework for self-interacting dark matter. In another simple scenario, hidden gluinos freeze out and decay to visible Winos with the correct relic density, and hidden glueballs may either be stable, providing a natural framework for mixed cold-hot dark matter, or may decay, yielding astrophysical signals. Last, we present a model with light hidden pions that may be tested with improved constraints on the number of nonrelativistic degrees of freedom. All of these scenarios are defined by a small number of parameters, are consistent with gauge coupling unification, preserve the beautiful connection between the weak scale and the observed dark mattermore » relic density, and are natural, with relatively light visible superpartners. We conclude with comments on interesting future directions.« less

WIMPless dark matter from non-Abelian hidden sectors with anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking

The early universe could feature multiple reheating events, leading to jumps in the visible sector entropy density that dilute both particle asymmetries and the number density of frozen-out states. In fact, late time entropy jumps are usually required in models of Affleck-Dine baryogenesis, which typically produces an initial particle-antiparticle asymmetry that is much too large. An important consequence of late time dilution, is that a smaller dark matter annihilation cross section is needed to obtain the observed dark matter relic density. For cosmologies with high scale baryogenesis, followed by radiation-dominated dark matter freeze-out, we show that the perturbative unitarity mass bound on thermal relic dark matter is relaxed to $10^{10}$ GeV. We proceed to study superheavy asymmetric dark matter models, made possible by a sizable entropy injection after dark matter freeze-out, and identify how the Affleck-Dine mechanism would generate the baryon and dark asymmetries.

/pdf/superheavy-thermal-dark-matter-and-primordial-asymmetries-3w40650jxh.pdf

Superheavy Thermal Dark Matter and Primordial Asymmetries

The early universe could feature multiple reheating events, leading to jumps in the visible sector entropy density that dilute both particle asymmetries and the number density of frozen-out states. In fact, late time entropy jumps are usually required in models of Affleck-Dine baryogenesis, which typically produces an initial particle-antiparticle asymmetry that is much too large. An important consequence of late time dilution, is that a smaller dark matter annihilation cross section is needed to obtain the observed dark matter relic density. For cosmologies with high scale baryogenesis, followed by radiation-dominated dark matter freeze-out, we show that the perturbative unitarity mass bound on thermal relic dark matter is relaxed to 1010 GeV. We proceed to study superheavy asym-metric dark matter models, made possible by a sizable entropy injection after dark matter freeze-out, and identify how the Affleck-Dine mechanism would generate the baryon and dark asymmetries.

/pdf/superheavy-thermal-dark-matter-and-primordial-asymmetries-4yzjbodac8.pdf

Superheavy thermal dark matter and primordial asymmetries

We study the possibility that dark matter is a baryon of a new strongly interacting gauge theory, which was introduced in the low energy theory of Cosmological SUSY Breaking (CSB). This particle can fit the observed dark matter density if an appropriate cosmological asymmetry is generated. The same mechanism can also explain the dark/baryonic matter ratio in the universe. The mass of the dark matter particle is in the multiple TeV range, and could be as high as 20 TeV.

Dark matter candidate with new strong interactions

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Dark matter candidate with new strong interactions