A review of computer tools for analysing the integration of renewable energy into various energy systems

a b s t r a c t The global energy consumption is likely to grow faster than the population growth. The fuel consumption was growing from 6630 million tons of oil equivalents (Mtoe) in 1980 to 11,163 Mtoe in 2009. This pro- jected consumption will increase 1.5% per year until 2030 and reach 16,900 Mtoe and the main drivers of this growth are mostly developing countries in Asia. Indonesia is one of the developing countries and energy supply is an important factor for all-around development. The country's energy consumption still depends on non-renewable energy such as crude oil, coal and natural gas as sources of energy. Utiliza- tion of fossil fuel continuously contributes to huge amount of greenhouse gases emission that leads to climate change. Facing such an unfavorable situation, the government of Indonesia prioritizes on energy supply securities by diversification of energy resources. The energy mixes in Indonesia based on five main resources; these are crude oil, natural gas, coal, hydropower, and renewable energy. Although the country encourages utilizing renewable energy, the contribution is only around 3%. Considering natural condition and geography, this country is blessed with great potential of renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, micro hydro and biomass energy. Noting the potential of renewable and sustain- able energy resources in the country, the government must pay more attention on how to utilize it. Many efforts have been done to promote renewable energy such as to create energy policy and regulations, yet it still did not give any satisfactory result. Government, non-government agencies and the public should take a more proactive step to promote and use renewable energy in order to achieve the secure and environmentally sustainable energy resources.

/pdf/a-review-on-energy-scenario-and-sustainable-energy-in-2nzv39s7m6.pdf

A review on energy scenario and sustainable energy in Indonesia

Ce rapport conjoint de l’Agence internationale de l’energie (AIE) et de l’Agence de l'OCDE pour l’energie nucleaire (AEN) est la septieme d’une serie d’etudes consacrees aux couts de production d’electricite. Elle presente les donnees les plus recentes disponibles sur un large eventail d'energies et de technologies, notamment le charbon et le gaz (avec et sans capture du carbone), le nucleaire, l’hydro-electrique, l’eolien (a terre et en mer), la biomasse, le solaire, l’energie des vagues et l’energie maremotrice, ainsi que la production combinee de chaleur et d’electricite. Elle indique les couts moyens actualises de l’electricite (LCOE, levelised costs of electricity) par MWe pour pres de 200 centrales, sur la base de donnees couvrant 21 pays (dont quatre pays importants non-membres de l’OCDE), ainsi que plusieurs societes industrielles et organisations. Pour la premiere fois, le rapport contient une analyse de sensibilite approfondie de l’impact sur le LCOE de la variation des principaux parametres, tels les taux d’actualisation, les prix des energies et les couts du carbone. D’autres impacts sur les choix en matiere de production d’electricite sont egalement etudies.

Projected Costs of Generating Electricity : 2010 Edition

Challenges and barriers to demand response deployment and evaluation

Overview of wind power intermittency: Impacts, measurements, and mitigation solutions

Operational costs induced by fluctuating wind power production in Germany and Scandinavia

An international forum for exchange of knowledge of power system impacts of wind power has been formed under the IEA Implementing Agreement on Wind Energy. The task “ Design and Operation of Power Systems with Large Amounts of Wind Power” will analyse existing case studies from different power systems. There are a multitude of studies made and ongoing related to cost of wind integration.  However, the results are not easy to compare. This paper summarises the results from 10 countries and outlines the studies made at European Wind Energy Association and the European system operators UCTE and ETSO. A more in­depth review of the studies is needed to draw conclusions on the range of integration costs for wind power. A state­of­the art review process of the new IEA collaboration will seek reasons behind the wide range of results for costs of wind integration – definitions for wind penetration, reserves and costs; different power system and load characteristics and operational rules; underlying assumptions on variability and uncertainty of wind, etc.

/pdf/design-and-operation-of-power-systems-with-large-amounts-of-2nwtrzfxz9.pdf

Design and Operation of Power Systems with Large Amounts of Wind Power, First Results of IEA Collaboration

An international forum for exchange of knowledge of power system impacts of wind power has been formed under the IEA Implementing Agreement on Wind Energy. The task " Design and Operation of Power Systems with Large Amounts of Wind Power" is analysing existing case studies from different power systems.There are a multitude of studies made and ongoing related to cost of wind integration. However, the results are not easy to compare. This paper summarises the results from 15 case studies.

State-of-the-art of design and operation of power systems with large amounts of wind power: Summary of IEA Wind collaboration

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Operational costs induced by fluctuating wind power production in Germany and Scandinavia

Design and Operation of Power Systems with Large Amounts of Wind Power, First Results of IEA Collaboration

State-of-the-art of design and operation of power systems with large amounts of wind power: Summary of IEA Wind collaboration