/pdf/summary-and-conclusions-of-the-meeting-2wokfhhl71.pdf

Summary and Conclusions of the Meeting

This report sums up in two volumes the first 50 years of operation of the CERN Proton Synchrotron. After an introduction on the genesis of the machine, and a description of its magnet and powering systems, the first volume focuses on some of the many innovations in accelerator physics and instrumentation that it has pioneered, such as transition crossing, RF gymnastics, extractions, phase space tomography, or transverse emittance measurement by wire scanners. The second volume describes the other machines in the PS complex: the proton linear accelerators, the PS Booster, the LEP pre-injector, the heavy-ion linac and accumulator, and the antiproton rings.

/pdf/fifty-years-of-the-cern-proton-synchrotron-volume-2-3de7u29zph.pdf

Fifty years of the CERN Proton Synchrotron : Volume 2

The future beam brightness and intensities required by the HL-LHC (High-Luminosity LHC) project and for possible new neutrino production beams triggered a deep revision of the LHC injector performances. The analysis, progressing in the framework of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project, outlined major limitations mainly related to collective effects - space charge in PSB and PS, electron cloud driven and TMCI instabilities in the SPS, longitudinal coupled bunch instabilities in the PS for example - but also to the existing hardware capability to cope with beam instabilities and losses. A summary of the observations and simulation studies carried out so far, as well as the future ones, will be presented. The solution proposed to overcome the different limitations and the plans for their implementation will be also briefly reviewed.

The high intensity/high brightness upgrade program at cern: status and challenges

The CERN Proton Synchrotron, pt.3

For the production of the LHC type beams, but also for the high intensity ones, the budget allocated to losses in the CERN injector chain is maintained as tight as possible, in particular to keep as low as possible the activation of the different machine elements. Various beam dynamics effects, like for example beam interaction with betatronic resonances, beam instabilities, but also reduced efficiency of the RF capture processes or RF noise, can produce losses even on a very long time scale. The main different mechanisms producing long term losses observed in the CERN injectors, and their cure or mitigation, will be revised.

The Long-Term Beam Losses in the CERN Injector Chain

The situation of the present pre-injection complex will be discussed with particular emphasis on the performance limitations. Mitigation measures will be discussed assuming that substantial consolidation work can be devoted to such improvements. Possible scenarios for the implementation of these measures will be outlined, together with an analysis of the impact on the performance of the LHC machine.

/pdf/possible-improvements-to-the-existing-pre-injector-complex-zcpr2wn2lj.pdf

Possible improvements to the existing pre-injector complex in the framework of continued consolidation

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Possible improvements to the existing pre-injector complex in the framework of continued consolidation