A newly developed tissue diagnostic method, based on label-free near-infrared (NIR) polarimetric reflectance imaging for the classification of histopathological samples of lung cancer cells, is presented The design, calibration, and testing of an automated NIR polarimetric imaging system, with emphasis on lung cancer detection, are put forward in detail The described electro-optical imaging polarimeter system exhibits high degree of accuracy and repeatability The outcome of this paper indicates that the operational design principles of the NIR polarimetric system may be proved extremely useful in discrimination of label-free normal and lung cancer cell samples as well as differentiation of different lung cancer cells and stages in vitro 

Design, Calibration, and Testing of an Automated Near-Infrared Liquid-Crystal Polarimetric Imaging System for Discrimination of Lung Cancer Cells

The principles of a novel neuromorphic spike event-based polarimetric Dynamic Vision Sensor (DVS), mimicking the biological retina, for dynamic imaging of a scene aimed at increased temporal contrast, are introduced. A novel dynamic segmentation of moving objects was performed using a neuromorphic camera paired with a linear polarizingfilter. High-temporal contrast images were acquired and their local spatial-temporal content was further analyzed using wavelet decomposition. The outcome of the proposed technique clearly indicates that neuromorphic imaging coupled with polarimetric principles can identify and discriminate structures of different origin.

Dynamic segmentation using a novel neuromorphic polarimetric imaging system

In this study, key-characteristics of different bioinspired vision systems are presented, and their importance in the design of autonomous navigation systems is highlighted. Two paradigms reflecting authors' research efforts in the design of vision systems, mimicking the human and animal retina, are presented. The first paradigm relates to the development of novel polymer nanostructures and nanoantennas aimed at integrating polarization principles with CMOS designs, mimicking bioinspired retina systems. The second paradigm relates to the development and testing of a novel neuromorphic spike event-based polarimetric Dynamic Vision Sensor (DVS), for dynamic imaging of a scene, with enhanced temporal contrast and high object discrimination. The outcome of this study indicates that integration of several bioinspired vision principles, such as polarization of light and neuromorphic detection, play an important role in the design of innovative bioinspired nanomaterials and neuromorphic vision architectures.

Integration of Bioinspired Vision Principles Towards the Design of Autonomous Guidance, Navigation, and Control Systems

The objective of this study is to explore the polarimetric phenomenology of near infrared light interaction with healthy and lung cancer monolayer cells by using efficient polarimetric transmission detection techniques. Preliminary results indicate that enhanced discrimination between normal and different types of lung cancer cell stages can be achieved based on their transmitted intensities and depolarization properties of the cells. Specifically, the sizes of the nuclei of the cancer cells and the nucleus-to-cytoplasmic ratios appear to have potential impact on the detected polarimetric signatures leading to enhanced discrimination of lung cancer cells.

Infrared photon discrimination of lung cancer cells

The objective of the study is to present integrative paradigms highlighting their applicability of polarimetry to multidisciplinary areas such as space defense and bioscience applications. Polarimetric sensing and imaging offer unique advantages for a wide range of detection and classification problems due to the intrinsic potential for high contrast in different polarization components of the backscattered light. Indeed, polarized imaging can yield high-specificity images under high-dynamic range and extreme condition scenarios, in scattering media, or cluttered environments, offering at the same instance information related to the object material composition and its surface characteristics. In this study, a new imaging approach based on polarimetric detection principles will be introduced and the Mueller matrix formalism will be defined, and will be applied for space applications, such as detection of unresolved objects, as well as for early cancer detection. The design principles of the liquid crystal polarimetric imaging system will be introduced and related to operating conditions and system performance metrics. The depolarization, diattenuation, and retardance of the materials will be estimated using Mueller matrix decomposition for different aspect angles.

Integrative paradigms bridging defense and bioscience

The objective of this study is to explore the polarimetric phenomenology of light interaction with healthy and early-stage lung cancer tissue samples by applying efficient polarimetric backscattering detection techniques combined with polarimetric exploratory data analysis. Preliminary results indicate that enhanced discrimination signatures can be obtained for certain types of early-stage lung cancers based on their depolarization, backscattered intensity and retardance characteristics.

Polarimetric phenomenology of photons with lung cancer tissue

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Polarimetric phenomenology of photons with lung cancer tissue