Hydatid disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus and is endemic in many parts of the world, including Iran. This parasitic tapeworm can produce cysts in almost every organ of the body, with the liver and lung being the most frequently targeted organs. However, the cyst tends to appear in different and sometimes unusual body sites in various geographical areas of the world. This review provides information on the reported cases of the unusual body sites of the hydatid cyst from Iran in the last 20 years. A literature search was performed through PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, IranMedex, Society Information Display (SID), Magiran, and Irandoc using the keywords of "hydatid cyst and Iran" and "Echinococcus granulosus and Iran", and 463 published cases of the hydatid cyst in unusual body sites from Iran were reviewed, evaluated, and discussed. The most common locations were the central nervous system (brain, spinal cord, and orbit), musculoskeletal system, heart, and kidney, while some less common locations were the spleen, pancreas, appendix, thyroid, salivary gland, adrenal gland, breast, and ovary.

https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39503_cb3e98c5a010bbe1a59da55b6a54cba3.pdf

Unusual locations of the hydatid cyst: a review from iran

Primary Intradural Extramedullary Hydatid Cyst

Spinal hydatid disease is a not uncommon cause of spinal cord compression in endemic countries; however, involvement of the epidural space with sparing of the vertebral column is rare. Early diagnosis and surgical decompression with total removal of the hydatid lesion, when possible, is generally considered the standard of care for this disease. The authors describe a case of massive epidural hydatid disease without involvement of the vertebral column in a 62-year-old male patient, treated with a 2-stage surgical operation and administration of systemic albendazole. The literature is reviewed regarding the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of spinal echinococcosis.

Spinal hydatid disease, a rare but existent pathological entity: case report and review of the literature.

Introduction Intracranial Tuberulosis Tuberculous Radiculomyelopathy and Myelitic Tuberculomas Tuberculous Spondylitis Osteoarticular and Soft Tissue Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Peritoneum Tuberculosis of the Genito-Urinary Tract Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in AIDS Tuberculous Disease in the Paediatric Age Group Less Common Forms of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Radionuclides in the Evaluation of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Clinical imaging in non-pulmonary tuberculosis

A large primary dumbbell hydatid cyst causing neural foraminal widening of the thoracic spine: A case report and literature review.

We describe a case of dumbbell hydatid cyst of the T10 pedicle. This cyst had both extradural and retroperitoneal components, leading to spinal cord compression and abdominal pain. Following surgical excision and irrigation with hypertonic saline the patient made a full recovery, and is recurrence-free after 18 months follow-up.

Dumbbell hydatid cyst of the spine.

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Dumbbell hydatid cyst of the spine.