Purpose This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to enhance maxillofacial area bone repair. Methods A comprehensive search of studies published up to February 2017 and listed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Results The 15 selected studies evaluated a total of 374 patients (mean age, 28.5 years) who were treated with LLLT. Gallium-arsenide (GaAs) and gallium aluminium arsenide (GaAlAs) were the most commonly used devices, and LLLT parameters varied greatly. Wavelengths varied from 500 to 1000 nm. Tooth extraction, distraction osteogenesis, maxillary expansion, periodontal defects, orthodontic movement and maxillary cystic defects were evaluated. From the 15 selected studies, six evaluated bone repair (primary outcomes). Of these, four studies showed improvement in bone formation after using LLLT, two demonstrated improved results for only one follow up period, and one showed no additional benefits. The other 9 studies evaluated secondary parameters related to healing (secondary outcomes) in the maxillofacial area after applying LLLT, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and healing accelerator effects, and quality of life related to oral health. There were no adverse or negative effects of LLLT reported. Conclusion Within the limitation of this review, a possible improvement in bone density can be found when LLLT is applied postoperatively in maxillofacial bony defects. LLLT also seems to promote anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and accelerate healing, as well as enhance quality of life related to oral health. However, LLLT use protocols need to be standardized before more specific conclusions can be drawn about this subject.

/pdf/influence-of-low-level-laser-therapy-on-the-healing-of-human-4cd0v8q1wy.pdf

Influence of low-level laser therapy on the healing of human bone maxillofacial defects: A systematic review

The aim of this prospective study was to examine possible benefits of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on soft and hard tissue healing after endodontic surgery. Seventy-six endo-surgery cases on maxillary incisors were included. The patients were assigned randomly into control and laser groups. In the laser group, gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser irradiation (810 nm, 129 mW, 3.87 J/cm2) was performed immediately after surgery and daily for postoperative 7 days from buccal and palatal surfaces (5 min for each side). In the control group, patients were not subjected laser therapy. The patients were compared in terms of pain, clinical and radiological findings, and life quality indexes [Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI)]. Seventy-one patients completed the study (n = 37 for control group, n = 34 for laser group). The laser group showed better results in edema, wound healing, and the number of analgesic tablets used on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th postoperative days. Significant reduction in ecchymoses was observed in the laser group on the postop 3rd and 7th days. The patients had significantly lower pain on the 1st and 3rd postop days in laser group. The laser group showed significantly better results in OHIP-14 and GOHA indexes on postop days 1 and 3. The laser group showed significantly favorable results in terms of bone density, defect volume and area, and periapical index in the postop 3rd month. This study concluded that LLLT improved soft and hard tissue healing after endodontic surgery and also showed favorable effects on pain and life quality of patients especially in the early phase of healing period.

Effects of low-level laser therapy on soft and hard tissue healing after endodontic surgery

Physical properties of root cementum: Part 27. Effect of low-level laser therapy on the repair of orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption: A double-blind, split-mouth, randomized controlled clinical trial.

Low level laser therapy in dentistry.

Influence of low-level laser therapy on orthodontically-induced inflammatory root resorption. A systematic review

To evaluate the effectiveness low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the repair of the mid palatal suture, after rapid maxillary expansion (RME). A single-operator, randomized single-blind placebo-controlled study was performed at the Orthodontic Department at the Dental Hospital of Bellvitge. Barcelona University, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain. Thirty-nine children (range 6-12 years old), completed RME and were randomized to receive active LLLT (n = 20) or placebo (n = 19). The laser parameters and dose were 660 nm, 100 mW, CW, InGaAlP laser, illuminated area 0.26 cm(2), 332 mW/cm(2), 60 s to four points along midpalatal suture, and 30 s to a point each side of the suture. A total of seven applications were made on days 1, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70 of the retention phase RME. A cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was carried out on the day of the first laser treatment, and at day 75, a second CBCT scan was performed. Two radiologists synchronized the slices of two scans to be assessed. P = 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. At day 75 of the suture, the irradiated patients presented a greater percentage of approximate zones in the anterior (p = 0.008) and posterior (p = 0.001) superior suture-and less approximation in the posterior superior suture (p = 0.040)-than the placebo group. LLLT appears to stimulate the repair process during retention phase after RME.

Effect of low-level laser therapy after rapid maxillary expansion: a clinical investigation.

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Effect of low-level laser therapy after rapid maxillary expansion: a clinical investigation.