A spinal cord stimulation (SCS) system includes multiple electrodes, multiple, independently programmable, stimulation channels within an implantable pulse generator (IPG) which channels can provide concurrent, but unique stimulation fields, permitting virtual electrodes to be realized. The SCS system includes a replenishable power source (e.g., rechargeable battery), that may be recharged using transcutaneous power transmissions between antenna coil pairs. An external charger unit, having its own rechargeable battery can be used to charge the IPG replenishable power source. A real-time clock can provide an auto-run schedule for daily stimulation. An included bi-directional telemetry link in the system informs the patient or clinician the status of the system, including the state of charge of the IPG battery. Other processing circuitry in the IPG allows electrode impedance measurements to be made. Further circuitry in the external battery charger can provide alignment detection for the coil pairs.

Rechargeable spinal cord stimulator system

Methods and apparatus are provided for renal neuromodulation using a pulsed electric field to effectuate electroporation or electrofusion. It is expected that renal neuromodulation (e.g., denervation) may, among other things, reduce expansion of an acute myocardial infarction, reduce or prevent the onset of morphological changes that are affiliated with congestive heart failure, and/or be efficacious in the treatment of end stage renal disease. Embodiments of the present invention are configured for percutaneous intravascular delivery of pulsed electric fields to achieve such neuromodulation.

Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation

A method and apparatus for treatment of heart failure, hypertension and renal failure by stimulating the renal nerve. The goal of therapy is to reduce sympathetic activity of the renal nerve. Therapy is accomplished by at least partially blocking the nerve with drug infusion or electrostimulation. Apparatus can be permanently implanted or catheter based.

Renal nerve stimulation method and apparatus for treatment of patients

Apparatus for multi-channel transverse epidural spinal cord stimulation uses a multi-channel pulse generator driving a plurality of electrodes mounted near the distal end of a lead. These electrodes are mounted in one or more lines, generally perpendicular to the lead axis, and have a planar surface along one surface of the lead. The lead is implanted adjacent to spinal cord dura mater with the electrodes transverse and facing the spinal cord. Pulses generated by the pulse generator for each channel are normally simultaneous, of equal amplitude and of equal duration, however, the pulse generator is arranged such that pulses for each channel can selectably alternate in time, can selectably be of unequal amplitude, or both. The changes in pulse timing and magnitude permit shifting the electrical stimulation field and the resulting paresthesia pattern after installation to accommodate improper lead placement or postoperative dislocation and to minimize unwanted motor responses.

Multichannel apparatus for epidural spinal cord stimulation

Methods and apparatus are provided for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation. Thermally-induced renal neuromodulation may be achieved via direct and/or via indirect application of thermal energy to heat or cool neural fibers that contribute to renal function, or of vascular structures that feed or perfuse the neural fibers. In some embodiments, parameters of the neural fibers, of non-target tissue, or of the thermal energy delivery element, may be monitored via one or more sensors for controlling the thermally-induced neuromodulation. In some embodiments, protective elements may be provided to reduce a degree of thermal damage induced in the non-target tissues. In some embodiments, thermally-induced renal neuromodulation is achieved via delivery of a pulsed thermal therapy.

Methods and apparatus for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation

Method of and apparatus for the treatment of angina pectoris using electrical stimulation within the epidural space of the spinal cord A sensor is used to trigger stimulation only during periods of activity assumed to be symptomatic The sensor may measure any of a number of parameters including blood oxygen saturation level or mechanical activity In the preferred embodiment, a piezoelectric activity sensor is programmed to determine when the level of activity is reached at which angina is expected to occur in a particular patient This determination is used to trigger an implantable spinal cord pulse generator Bursts of high frequency stimulation energy are applied by an insulated lead to electrodes implanted in the epidural space at an upper thoracic or lower cervical location The increased neural activity caused by the stimulation bursts eliminates the pain sensation and allows an equal or higher exercise level of the patient without pain or at a similar pain level The epidural stimulation does not decrease coronary perfusion at the same exercise level When sensed body activity decreases below the programmed level, electrical stimulation is inhibited

Method and apparatus for epidural burst stimulation for angina pectoris

Procede et appareil destines au traitement de l'angine de poitrine a l'aide de stimulations electriques dans l'espace peridural de la moelle epiniere. Method and apparatus for the treatment of angina pectoris using electrical stimulation into the epidural space of the spinal cord. Un detecteur peut etre utilise pour declencher la stimulation uniquement pendant des periodes d'activites que l'on juge symptomatiques. A sensor can be used to trigger stimulation only during periods of activity that is symptomatic judge. Le detecteur peut mesurer n'importe quel nombre de parametres, y compris le niveau de saturation de l'oxygene sanguin ou l'activite mecanique. The detector can measure any number of parameters, including the level of blood oxygen saturation or mechanical activity. Dans un mode prefere de realisation, le detecteur d'activite piezoelectrique est programme pour determiner le moment ou le niveau d'activite auquel on prevoit que l'angine va se declarer chez un patient particulier est atteint. In a preferred embodiment, the piezoelectric activity sensor is programmed to determine when the level of activity which is expected angina will declare in a particular patient is reached. Cette determination est utilisee pour declencher un generateur d'impulsions implantable dans la moelle epiniere. This determination is used to trigger an implantable pulse generator in the spinal cord. Des salves d'energie stimulante de haute frequence sont appliquees par l'intermediaire d'un fil isole a des electrodes implantees dans l'espace peridural a un emplacement thoracique superieur ou cervical inferieur. High frequency stimulating energy bursts are applied via an insulated wire to electrodes implanted in the epidural space at a lower or upper cervical thoracic location. L'activite neurale accrue provoquee par les salves stimulantes elimine la sensation de douleur et permet au patient de s'adonner a un niveau d'exercice egal ou superieur sans douleur ou a un niveau de douleur semblable. Increased neural activity caused by stimulant bursts eliminates the sensation of pain and allows the patient to engage in a level of equal to or greater exercise without pain or a similar level of pain. La stimulation peridurale ne diminue pas l'irrigation coronaire au meme niveau d'exercice. Epidural stimulation does not decrease coronary irrigation at the same level of exercise. Lorsque l'activite physique detectee redescend au-dessous du niveau programme, la stimulation electrique est inhibee. When the detected physical activity falls below the set level, electrical stimulation is inhibited.

Apparatus for epidural burst stimulation for angina pectoris.

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Method and apparatus for epidural burst stimulation for angina pectoris

Apparatus for epidural burst stimulation for angina pectoris.