Biodegradable active food packaging addresses key environmental issues including plastic waste and food waste.

pdf/biodegradable-biopolymers-for-active-packaging-demand-wwzxmvrx.pdf

Biodegradable biopolymers for active packaging: demand, development and directions

Recent innovations in bionanocomposites-based food packaging films – A comprehensive review

This study aimed to assess the UV-shielding features of the PMMA-based thin film coatings with the addition of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles as nanofillers considering different contents. Furthermore, the effect of TiO2/ZnO nanohybrids at different ratios and concentrations was examined. The XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDX analyses characterized the prepared films' functional groups, structure, and morphology. Meanwhile, the coatings' optical properties and UV-protecting capability were investigated by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The UV-Vis spectroscopic study revealed that as the concentration of nanoparticles increased in the hybrid-coated PMMA, the absorption in the UVA region increased. Overall, it can be concluded that the optimal coatings for PMMA were 0.1 wt% TiO2, 0.1 wt% ZnO, and 0.025:0.025 wt% TiO2: ZnO nanohybrid. Considering the acquired FT-IR of PMMA with different content of nanoparticles before and after exposure to the UV irradiation, for some films, it was confirmed that the polymer-based thin films degraded after 720 h, with either decreasing or increasing intensity of the degraded polymer, peak shifting, and band broadening. Notably, the FTIR results were in good agreement with UV-Vis outcomes. In addition, XRD diffraction peaks demonstrated that the pure PMMA matrix and PMMA coating films did not show any characteristic peaks indicating the presence of nanoparticles. All diffraction patterns were similar with and without any nanoparticles. Therefore, it depicted the amorphous nature of polymer thin film. 

/pdf/uv-shielding-properties-of-a-cost-effective-hybrid-pmma-gdp3n9yh.pdf

UV-shielding properties of a cost-effective hybrid PMMA-based thin film coatings using TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles: a comprehensive evaluation

In this paper, synthesis of novel (carboxy methyl cellulose–polyvinylpyrrolidone–polyvinyl alcohol–lead oxide nanoparticles) nanocomposites for gamma shielding applications with low weight, elasticity, low cost and high attenuation coefficients for gamma rays has been examined. The effect of lead oxide nanoparticles on optical properties of (CMC–PVP–PVA) blend has been investigated. The lead oxide nanoparticles were added to the polymer blend (carboxy methyl cellulose 40 wt%, polyvinylpyrrolidone 30 wt% and polyvinyl alcohol 30 wt%) with concentrations of 2, 4, 6 and 8 wt%. The optical properties of (CMC–PVP–PVA–PbO2) nanocomposites were measured in wavelength range (220–800) nm. The experimental results showed that the absorbance (A), absorption coefficient (α), refractive index (n), extinction coefficient (k), real and imaginary dielectric constants (e1 and e2) and optical conductivity (σop) of (CMC–PVP–PVA) blend are increasing with increase in the weight percentages of lead oxide nanoparticles. The energy gap (Eg) of (CMC–PVP–PVA) blend is decreased with increase in the lead oxide nanoparticles concentrations. The results of gamma shielding applications showed that the (CMC–PVP–PVA–PbO2) nanocomposites have high attenuation coefficients for gamma rays.

Fabrication of novel (carboxy methyl cellulose–polyvinylpyrrolidone–polyvinyl alcohol)/lead oxide nanoparticles: structural and optical properties for gamma rays shielding applications

Calotropis gigantea (C. gigantea) extract with an ecofriendly nanotechnology approach could provide promising antimicrobial activity against skin pathogens. This study investigates the antimicrobial capability of green synthesized binary ZnO–CuO nanocomposites from C. gigantea against non-MDR (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and MDR (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant S. aureus) skin pathogens. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed the size and shape of B3Z1C sample. Results of X-ray powder diffraction, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopy analyses confirmed the presence of mixed nanoparticles (i.e., zinc oxide, copper oxide, carbon and calcium) and the stabilising phytochemical agents of plant (i.e., phenol and carbonyl). Antimicrobial results showed that carbon and calcium decorated binary ZnO–CuO nanocomposites with compositions of 75 wt% of ZnO and 25 wt% CuO (B3Z1C) was a strong bactericidal agent with the MBC/MIC ratio of ≤ 4 and ≤ 2 for non-MDR and MDR pathogens, respectively. A significant non-MDR zone of inhibitions were observed for BZC by Kirby–Bauer disc-diffusion test. Further time-kill observation revealed significant fourfold reduction in non-MDR pathogen viable count after 12 h study period. Further molecular studies are needed to explain the biocidal mechanism underlying B3Z1C potential.

/pdf/compositions-and-antimicrobial-properties-of-binary-zno-cuo-3f5utaifkn.pdf

Compositions and antimicrobial properties of binary ZnO–CuO nanocomposites encapsulated calcium and carbon from Calotropis gigantea targeted for skin pathogens

In this paper we describe the preparation of a new bionanocomposite based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Arabic gum (AG) and gelatin (GL), incorporating garlic extract (GE) and TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs). The prepared bionanocomposites were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and were evaluated for their antimicrobial effect. The permeability and thermal and mechanical properties of the films were assessed. The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen transmission rate (OTR), and mechanical, thermal and antimicrobial properties of the prepared bionanocomposite films were enhanced by the addition of GE and TiO2-NPs. The effects of GE and TiO2-NPs in combination incorporated into a CMC/AG/GL blend as an edible coating on the quality of fresh Nile tilapia fish fillets during refrigerated storage were evaluated. The microbiological status and weight loss of fresh Nile tilapia fish fillets were periodically tested for 21 days during storage at 4 °C. The results indicated that GE combined with TiO2-NPs has a synergistic influence on the enhancement of the preservation properties of CMC/AG/GL/GE–TiO2 bionanocomposites for refrigerated tilapia fish fillets, which could control microbial growth, and decrease weight loss during the storage of tilapia fish fillets.

/pdf/preparation-and-characterization-of-novel-bionanocomposites-47jwycf26m.pdf

Preparation and characterization of novel bionanocomposites based on garlic extract for preserving fresh Nile tilapia fish fillets

This study aims to synthesis and characterize of poly (methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites that based on methyl methacrylate monomer (MMA) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), namely PMMA/ZnO nanocomposite via in-situ emulsion polymerization of MMA monomer using potassium persulphate (PPS) as initiator. ZnO-NPs were firstly prepared through hydrothermal method. The prepared ZnO-NPs were investigated by X-Ray diffraction pattern (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). PMMA/ZnO nanocomposites were prepared via emulsion polymerization using different concentrations of ZnO-NPs (2%, 4%, 8% and 12%) based on monomer concentration. Furthermore, PMMA/ZnO nanocomposites were studied using FT-IR, TEM, XRD, UV/Vis spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The fabricated poly (methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites display good morphological, thermal properties and antibacterial activity than pure PMMA. Additionally, the PMMA nanocomposites display respectable antimicrobial activity against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria, gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria and yeast (Candida albicans). Additionally, the PMMA nanocomposites can be used as good materials for antibacterial packaging applications.

/pdf/preparation-and-characterization-of-pmma-nanocomposites-3e05ss0rgj.pdf

Preparation and Characterization of PMMA Nanocomposites Based On Zno-Nps for Antibacterial Packaging Applications

Novel nanocomposite based on Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), namely CMC/PVA/ZnO nanocomposites, was fabricated via solution casting methodology. ZnO-NPs were firstly prepared by hydrothermal method then different ratios of both CMC and PVA (50:50 and 60:40 v/v) were prepared to create novel blend, then ZnO-NPs was loadings with different concentrations to the prepared blend. The prepared ZnO-NPs were tested using X-Ray Diffraction pattern (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). As well as CMC/PVA/ZnO nanocomposites were studied using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), TEM, XRD, UV/Vis spectroscopy and TGA. The films containing CMC/PVA in a ratio of (50:50 v/v) displays best morphological, thermal, mechanical antibacterial properties than films prepared using (60:40 v/v). The prepared nanocomposites displayed respectable antibacterial activity against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus), gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) bacteria and fungi (Candida albicans). Furthermore, the fabricated nanocomposites can be used as good materials for packaging applications.

Development and Characterization of CMC/PVA Films Loaded with Zno-Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Packaging Application

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Preparation and characterization of novel bionanocomposites based on garlic extract for preserving fresh Nile tilapia fish fillets

Preparation and Characterization of PMMA Nanocomposites Based On Zno-Nps for Antibacterial Packaging Applications

Development and Characterization of CMC/PVA Films Loaded with Zno-Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Packaging Application