There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Biocomposites reinforced with natural fibers: 2000–2010

Processing technologies for poly(lactic acid)

Synthesis, structure and properties of polyhydroxyalkanoates: biological polyesters

Lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis mechanism: A state-of-the-art review

The premelting behavior of Nylon 12 has been investigated by two-dimensional (2D) Fourier-transform (FT) near-infrared (NIR) correlation spectroscopy. FT-NIR spectra of Nylon 12 in a cast film have been measured over a temperature range of 30−150 °C. The 2D NIR correlation analysis reveals that there are at least eight bands in the 6800−6100 cm-1 region where the first overtone of an NH stretching mode of Nylon 12 is expected to appear. They may be ascribed to free- and hydrogen-bonded NH groups in various environments. The asynchronous 2D NIR correlation spectrum in the above region indicates that the amide group with a free carbonyl oxygen (structure C) appears first and then unassociated free amide (structure A) and amide with free NH (structure B) follow as the temperature is increased. In the 6000−5500 cm-1 region of the synchronous spectrum, four dominant autopeaks corresponding to the first overtones of the CH2 stretching modes are observed at 5840, 5770, 5680, and 5640 cm-1, and negative cross pea...

Two-Dimensional Near-Infrared Correlation Spectroscopy Study of Premelting Behavior of Nylon 12

Temperature-dependent terahertz (THz) absorption spectra of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s (PHAs) were measured by using a Fourier transform far-infrared (FT-FIR) spectrometer and a THz time-domain spectrometer over a temperature range of 10 K to 465 K with a liquid helium cryostat and a heating cell. Clear differences were observed between the spectra of crystalline and amorphous polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), indicating that the absorption peaks observed in the THz spectra originated in the higher-order conformation of PHB. The polarization spectra of a stretched PHB sample were measured, and the direction of the vibrational transition moment was determined. The temperature dependences of the spectra reveal frequency shifts and broadening of the absorption peaks with temperature, suggesting large anharmonicity of the vibrational potential. The temperature shift behaviour is quite different in each transition. Some of the transitions show a blue shift, which cannot be explained by a simple anharmonic potential model. Frequency shifts of the peaks were mainly observed below 10 THz, which suggests a large anharmonicity of the vibrational potential at lower frequencies.

Polarization and temperature dependent spectra of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s measured at terahertz frequencies

The present invention relates to biodegradable PHA copolymers comprising at least two randomly repeating monomer units (RRMU) wherein the first RRMU has structure (I) wherein R1 is H or C?2? alkyl, and n is 1 or 2; the second RRMU has structure (II); and wherein at least 50 % of the RRMUs have the structure of the first RRMU The present invention further relates to plastic articles comprising said biodegradable PHA copolymers The present invention further relates to an absorbent article comprising a liquid pervious topsheet, a liquid impervious backsheet comprising a film comprising a PHA of the present invention and an absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet

Biodegradable copolymers and plastic articles comprising biodegradable copolymers of 3-hydroxyhexanoate

Techniques useful in two-dimensional correlation and codistribution spectroscopy (2DCOS and 2DCDS) analyses

The present invention is directed to multicomponent fibers. The fibers may be in a side-by-side, sheath-core, segmented pie, islands-in-the-sea configuration, or any combination of configurations. Each component of the fiber will comprise destructurized starch and/or a thermoplastic polymer. The present invention is also directed to nonwoven webs and disposable articles comprising the multicomponent fibers. The nonwoven webs may also contain other synthetic or natural fibers blended with the multicomponent fibers of the present invention.

Multicomponent fibers comprising starch and polymers

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