In vitro studies on the inhibition of colon cancer by butyrate and carnitine

Vinegar has been used for its health promoting properties since antiquity. Nowadays, these properties are investigated, scientifically documented, and highlighted. The health benefits of vinegar have been associated with the presence of a variety of bioactive components such as acetic acid and other organic acids, phenolic compounds, amino acids, carotenoids, phytosterols, vitamins, minerals, and alkaloids, etc. These components are known to induce responses in the human body, such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antitumor, antiobesity, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory effects. The diversity and levels of bioactive components in vinegars depend on the raw material and the production method used. Cereal vinegars, which are more common in the Asia-Pacific region, are usually made from rice, although other cereals, such as millet, sorghum, barley, malt, wheat, corn, rye, oats, bran and chaff, are also used. A variety of bioactive components, such as organic acids, polyphenols, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, alkaloids, melanoidins, butenolides, and specific compounds such as γ-oryzanol, tetramethylpyrazine, γ-aminobutyric acid, etc., have been associated with the health properties of cereal vinegars. In this work, the bioactive components and the related health effects of cereal vinegars are reviewed, and the most recent scientific literature is presented and discussed.

https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/2/344/pdf

Health Promoting Properties of Cereal Vinegars.

Objective: Epidemiologic studies support an association between diet and the incidence of colorectal cancer. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid present in dietary fiber and dairy products, is a potential anticarcinogenic compound. We previously showed that carnitine can enhance the bioavailability of butyrate in vivo. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of butyrate alone and in combination with carnitine on colon cancer cells in vitro, examining proliferation and apoptosis and the molecular mechanisms by which these nutrients may inhibit colon cancer. Methods: Caco-2 cells, a well-established cell model, were incubated with butyrate (2.5–20 mM) with or without carnitine (10 mM) for various incubation periods. Proliferation was measured by incorporation of 3 H-thymidine, and apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry, and then confirmed by analyzing the presence of single-strand DNA breaks typical of apoptotic cells. Prostaglandin E2 production was assayed and Bcl-2 and cyclo-oxygenase-2 expressions were examined by western blotting. Results: Butyrate and carnitine inhibited Caco-2 cell proliferation (P < 0.05) and induced apoptosis (P < 0.05). Prostaglandin E2 production was decreased in treated Caco-2 cells. At the molecular level, the expression of proapoptotic Bax and Bak proteins were increased in cells incubated with butyrate and carnitine, whereas expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-xL was decreased. Cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression was decreased in cells incubated with butyrate and carnitine. Conclusions: Butyrate and carnitine inhibit human colon carcinoma cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells. This is accompanied by an appreciable alteration of the Bax-to-Bcl-xL and Bak-to-Bcl-xL ratios in favor of apoptosis. This study provides a scientific rationale to study the effects of carnitine and butyrate in colon cancer in vivo. 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Basic nutritional investigation In vitro studies on the inhibition of colon cancer by butyrate and carnitine

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of persimmon-vinegar supplementation on blood lipid profiles, carnitine concentrations, and hepatic mRNA levels of enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism. Thirty-two C57BL/6J male mice were divided into 4 groups; control group (HD), industrial vinegar group (HD-V), and persimmon-vinegar groups (HD-PV1, HD-PV2). Serum triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) concentrations significantly decreased in all vinegar-administered groups compared with the HD group. The hepatic TG and TC concentrations of persimmon-vinegar administered groups were significantly lower compared with the HD group. Liver acid insoluble acylcarnitine (AIAC) was significantly higher in the HD-PV2 than in HD and HD-V groups. The acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) mRNA level tended to lower in all the vinegar administered groups compared with the HD group. These results suggest that the persimmon-vinegar has anti-obesity properties.

Effects of persimmon-vinegar on lipid and carnitine profiles in mice

Constituents in purple sweet potato leaves inhibit in vitro angiogenesis with opposite effects ex vivo.

Objective: In Japan, rice vinegar that has been matured and fermented for years in earthenware jars is considered a health food with anticolon cancer action. It is divided into the liquid component (Kurozu) and the sediment (Kurozu moromimatsu), which contains large amounts of organic materials and minerals. The effect of Kurozu moromimatsu (Kurozu-M) on cancer has not yet been examined. In this study, we examined the activity of Kurozu-M on colon cancer and investigated the mechanisms involved, focusing on active oxygen generation, apoptosis, and metalloproteinases (MMPs). Methods: We used Lovo cells transplanted into nude mice as an experimental model. We measured the tumor volume and MMP levels and conducted hematoxylin-eosin staining (for polymorphonu- clear leukocytes), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling staining (for apoptosis), and immunostaining for nitrotyrosine (a marker of active oxygen generation) in control, Kurozu-treated, and Kurozu-M—treated groups. Results: The tumor volume was the same in the control group (231 36 mm 3 ) and Kurozu group (238 52 mm 3 ), but was significantly reduced in the Kurozu-M group (152 28 mm 3 , P 0.001 versus control). Apoptosis of tumor cells and accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes were not observed. Nitrotyrosine production, total MMP levels, and MMP activation were significantly reduced in the Kurozu-M group. Conclusion: The administration of Kurozu-M prolonged the lifespan of cancer cell-transplanted mice, inhibited tumor progression, and reduced nitrotyrosine production and MMP activation, but did not induce apoptosis. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Basic nutritional investigation Kurozu moromimatsu inhibits tumor growth of Lovo cells in a mouse model in vivo

Kurozu moromimatsu inhibits tumor growth of Lovo cells in a mouse model in vivo

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Isao Ito

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Basic nutritional investigation Kurozu moromimatsu inhibits tumor growth of Lovo cells in a mouse model in vivo

Kurozu moromimatsu inhibits tumor growth of Lovo cells in a mouse model in vivo