/pdf/food-and-agricultural-organization-of-the-united-nations-151qubr5t3.pdf

Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations.

Rice is a crop that is consumed as a staple food by the majority of the people in the world and therefore failure in rice crops, due to any reason, poses a severe threat of starvation. Rice blast, caused by a fungus Pyricularia oryzae, has been ranked among the most threatening plant diseases of rice and it is found wherever rice is grown. All of the rice blast disease management strategies employed so far have had limited success and rice blast has never been eliminated from rice fields. Hence, there is a need to look for the best remedy in terms of effectiveness, sustainability, and organic nature of the method. This study was aimed at determining the plant growth-promoting and fungicidal effects of a mixture of Piper caninum and Piper betle var. Nigra leaves extracts and rhizobacteria. Gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis of a mixture of leaves extracts of these plants revealed the presence of new bioactive compounds such as alpha.-gurjunene, gamma.-terpinene, and ethyl 5-formyl 3-(2-ethoxycarbonyl) in a mixture of leaves extracts of P. caninum and P. betle var. Nigra. The mixture of these extracts reduced the intensity of blast disease, inhibited P. oryzae, and improved the growth, yield, and quality of Bali rice. All treatments comprising of different concentrations of a mixture of leaves extracts of P. caninum and P. betle var. Nigra plus rhizobacteria exhibited biocontrol and bioefficacy. However, a 2% concentration of a mixture of these leaves extracts with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) exhibited potent inhibition of growth of P. oryzae, a significant reduction in the intensity of blast disease, and a maximum increase in growth, yield, and quality of Bali rice. In the 15th week, the intensity of blast disease decreased from 80.18% to 7.90%. The mixture of leaves extract + PGPR also improved the height of the plant, the number of tillers, number of leaves, number of grains per panicle, number of heads per panicle, and the full-grain weight per clump. Applications of various concentrations of a mixture of leaves extracts + PGPR resulted in improvement in the potential yield of rice, however, the application of 2% extracts + PGPR gave the highest potential yield of 5.61 tha−1 compared to the low yields in the control and other treatments. The high grain yield observed with the treatment was caused by the low intensity of blast disease. This treatment also strengthened the stem and prevented the drooping of the plant and improved the quality of rice grain.

https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/20/8490/pdf

A Mixture of Piper Leaves Extracts and Rhizobacteria for Sustainable Plant Growth Promotion and Bio-Control of Blast Pathogen of Organic Bali Rice

Nine genotypes were evaluated under greenhouse conditions for antixenosis and tolerance against brown planthopper(BPH, Nilaparvata lugens St?l). In antixenosis studies, proportion of insects settled on a test genotype in relation to the susceptible control TN1 was recorded, with significantly lower proportion of nymphs(55.22%–59.18%), adult males(60.33%–60.75%), and adult females(80.56%–79.26%) settled on RP2068-18-3-5 and Ptb33 in relation to those on TN1. Based on number of feeding sites, the test genotypes were ranked in order from the highest to the lowest as RP2068-18-3-5, Ptb33, MR1523, Rathu Heenati, Sinnasivappu, ARC10550, MO1, INRC3021 and TN1. The order was exactly reverse in terms of fecundity expressed as number of eggs laid per female. In tolerance studies, days to wilt, functional plant loss index and plant dry weight loss to BPH dry weight produced were recorded. RP2068-18-3-5, Rathu Heenati and Ptb33 performed better than the other test genotypes. These results helped in relative quantification of BPH resistance levels in the genotypes. RP2068-18-3-5, a new effective source of BPH resistance, can be used in resistance breeding after tagging of resistant genes/QTLs linked to different parameters of antixenosis and tolerance with selectable molecular markers.

Antixenosis and Tolerance of Rice Genotypes Against Brown Planthopper

Bulk and rhizosphere soil properties under two Coffea species influenced by the earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus

FISIOLOGI Tanaman Budidaya Tropik / editor; Peter R Goldsworthy; N.M. Fisher

Dwipa I, Syarif A, Suliansyah I, Swasti E. 2018. West Sumatra Brown Rice resistance to Brown Planthopper and Blast Disease. Biodiversitas 19: 893-898. Brown rice is a highly nutritious rice widely consumed as the carbohydrate substitute of common rice. Brown rice resistance to biotic stress is one of indicators of a superior variety. Our study aimed to analyze the response of several brown rice genotypes from West Sumatra to brown planthopper attack and blast disease. This study comprised two experiments, the resistance assay to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.) and the resistance assay to blast fungi Pyricularia oryzae. The resistance assay to brown planthopper was done using randomized block design experiment with three replicates. Eighteen brown rice genotypes (15 brown rice, 2 black rice, and 1 control genotype) were tested in the assay. From 17 brown and black rice tested, 7 genotypes were resistant and 2 were moderately resistant. For blast resistance analysis, fifteen rice genotypes (13 brown rice and 2 black rice) were used. There was only 1 genotype highly resistant and 3 moderately resistant to blast disease among those 15 brown and black rice.

/pdf/west-sumatra-brown-rice-resistance-to-brown-planthopper-and-1qzuwegqoh.pdf

West Sumatra Brown Rice resistance to Brown Planthopper and Blast Disease

The genetic diversity of crops in West Sumatra Province is very high. One of the potentials of plant genetic resources that are well conserved is brown rice. However, the development of new rice varieties has threatened the existence of brown rice. Therefore, conservation efforts are needed to preserve West Sumatra brown-rice-landrace through several stages. The first step is exploration and collection of brown rice genotypes that are still cultivated in West Sumatra Province. The next step is to identify and characterize the brown rice to determine the character of each genotype. The purpose of this study was to explore and characterize brown rice landrace in West Sumatra.  The exploration resulted in 31 brown rice genotypes.  Variation in quantitative and qualitative traits was observed according to grain morphology.  Analysis of relatedness base on morphological grain markers resulted in three groups of brown rice with the degree of similarity of 0.70 and with slight differences in each group. Furthermore, DNA markers categorized the relatedness of brown rice landrace into six groups with 0.70 similarities.

Genetic Diversity and Association amongst West Sumatra Brown Rice Genotype Based on Morphological and Molecular Markers

Rice is the primary carbohydrate source for half world population, particularly for Asian people, and rice demand also increases for non-Asian people Rice provides the bulk daily calories for humans and animals One of the problems in SRI method is weed Many efforts to control weed in the SRI method and one of the way island flooding before planting The objective of the research was to study the land flooding effect before planting in controlling weed to yield components of several rice varieties The research was conducted in farmer land of Kuranji and Laboratory of Weed Science, Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia from June to September 2019 A randomized block design was used in the experiment 5 rice varieties (Batang Piaman, Panca Redek, PB 42, Batang Pasaman, and Saganggam Panuah) were used as treatments The treatments were replied three times Generally, the result showed that land flooding before planting affected the yield component of rice For the length of the panicle, Panca Redek and Saganggam Panuah were the best variety (3018 cm and 2091 cm, respectively) For the weight of 1000 grains, Batang Piaman was the best variety (3567%), and Batang Piaman was also the best variety for the weight of dry grain (2833) For production per hectare, Batang Pasaman, Batang Piaman, and Saganggam Panuah were the best variety (504 ton, 492 to and 388 tons respectively)

Land Flooding Effect Before and After Planting on Rice Yield in the System of Rice Intensification

Potato is important food for half population of the world particularly population in Europe and America. Beside it is as carbohydrate source, potato can be used as main food for diabetes people, replaces the rice due to it contains low calories. In developed countries, particularly in Indonesia, it is also as diversify food for medium and highland people. The research was conducted in Selayo Tanang Buki Sileh, Lembang Jaya, Solok regency, West Sumatera, Indonesia from May to August 2017. The research aimed to study the interaction between indigenous rhizobacteria and manure to the growth and yield of red potato. The factorial design in Completely ranzomized design (CRD) with 2 factors was used in this reserach.  The first factor was rhizobacteria isolates (no isolate, A2.1b2; A3.1a5; B1.2a2) and the second factor was the manure with dose 30 ton/ hectare (chicken, quail, and cattle). The potato variety that used in the assay was PING 06. The data was analyzed by analysis of variance with Honestly Significant Difference/HSD test in 5%. Generally, the result showed that there was no interaction between rhizobacteria isolates and manure to growth and  yield of red potato. A2.1b2 was the best isolate for fresh weight of tuber per plant, per plot and per hectare of red potato plant and chicken manure could increase the growth and yield of  red potato plant (11.73 ton/hectare).

/pdf/effect-of-indigenous-rhizobacteria-and-manure-on-the-growth-2izh9pf3yh.pdf

Effect of Indigenous Rhizobacteria and Manure on the Growth and Yield of Red Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Solok, West Sumatera

System of rice intensification (SRI) is a method of rice cultivation which has proven to increase the rice yield if comparing to the conventional method. The research aimed to study the influence of flooding of land to phyllochron emergence and tiller of rice plant. The research was conducted in farmer field in Koto Tangah, Padang from May-June 2018. Randomized block design in split-plot was used in this research. The main plot was the inundation time before planting in 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Three replications were used in this research. The subplot was the three rice varieties, Pandan Wangi, PB 42 and Kuranji 012. The result showed that variety PB 042 and Kuranji 012 in 14 days of inundation were the best variety with the amounts of tillers were 40.

/pdf/emergence-of-phyllochron-of-3-rice-varieties-in-different-1yf22uk66r.pdf

Emergence of Phyllochron of 3 Rice Varieties in Different time of Land Flooding in System of Rice Intensification (SRI)

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Indra Dwipa

Author Tools

Chat about Author