Uveitis in Behçet disease: an analysis of 880 patients.

Background/Purpose:Retinal vein occlusion is the second most common retinal vascular disorder after diabetic retinopathy and is considered to be an important cause of visual loss. In this review, the purpose is to make an update of the literature about the classification, epidemiology, pathogenesis,

Branch retinal vein occlusion: epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, and complications. An update of the literature.

Cataract in the Adult Eye Preferred Practice Pattern

The epidemiology of acute endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in an Asian population.

PURPOSE Posterior segment involvement, which can lead to blindness with recurrent inflammatory attacks, has a very important prognostic value in ocular Behcet's disease (BD). This study evaluated the frequency and characteristics of posterior segment involvement and the causes of visual impairment in patients with ocular BD. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 257 eyes of the 131 patients who were followed from 1993 to 2001 in the Uveitis and BD division of SSK Ankara Eye Hospital, Turkey. RESULTS The mean follow-up was 49.2 +/- 27.4 months. Thirty-one of the palents were female (23.6%) and 100 male (76.4%). The mean age was 25.1 +/- 7.9. Fundus changes were observed in 213 (82.9%) eyes and were bilateral in 87%, and vitritis was present in 239 (93%) eyes. The most frequent fundus changes were vascular sheathing in 61 eyes (23.7%), optic atrophy in 46 (17.9%), macular edema in 29 (11.3%), retinal hemorrhage in 23 (9%), macular scar in 21 (8.2%), optic disc paleness in 19 (7.4%), retinal edema in 17 (6.6%), branch retinal vein occlusion in 15 (5.8%). The most common fluorescein angiography findings were diffuse vascular leakage in 98 (38%), hyperfluorescence of the optic disc in 38 (14.8%) and hyperfluorescence of the macula in 29 eyes (11.3%). Visual acuity was <1/10 in 85 (33%) of the eyes. Optic atrophy was the main cause (54.1%) of permanent visual impairment. CONCLUSIONS Posterior segment involvement is the most serious ocular complication of BD, leading to blindness with recurrent attacks. Following patients closely, performing fluorescein angiography in all patients diagnosed as BD even they have no clinical ocular involvement, and early treatment are very important in the prognosis of the disease.

Posterior segment involvement in ocular Behçet's disease.

Purpose To evaluate risk factors, therapeutic approaches and factors associated with the poor visual outcome in pseudophakic endophthalmitis. Methods Data related to 28 cases with the diagnosis of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery and IOL implantation were gathered retrospectively. Results Preceding surgery was extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) in 18, phacoemulsification in 8 and scleral fixated intraocular lens implantation in two cases. Posterior capsule rupture and diabetes mellitus were considered to contribute to the development of endophthalmitis because of their high incidences (50% and 25%) in the study group. Microbiological studies from aqueous and vitreous humour were done in 85% of the cases and 58% were positive. S. Epidermidis was the most common organism, accounting for 50% of the isolates. All cases were given topical and systemic antibiotics. Inflammation was controlled by addition of subconjunctival antibiotics to this regimen in two, intravitreal antibiotic injection in 14, pars plana vitrectomy, total capsular and lens extraction and intravitreal antibiotic injection in three, lens exchange, intracapsular and intravitreal antibiotic injection in three cases. Six (21%) cases eventually needed evisceration. Visual acuity of 20/40 or better was achieved in 25%, and 20/100 or better in 64%. Conclusions Treatment delay (p=0.039), capsular rupture complicating cataract surgery, especially with extracapsular cataract extraction (p=0.015), and initial visual acuity worse than hand motion (p=0.003) were strong predictors of poor visual outcome. The risk of endophthalmitis was not different forplanned ECCCE (0.26%) andphacoemulsification (0.27%) but the prognosis was better with the latter.

Factors Influencing Treatment Results in Pseudophakic Endophthalmitis

Purpose To report a case of central retinal artery occlusion associated with ocular Behcet's disease (BD) and briefly discuss retinal vasculitis due to BD. Case report A 52-year-old man, diagnosed as BD 22 years ago and followed up with ocular involvement for six years presented with sudden loss of vision. The clinical diagnosis was central retinal artery occlusion. Results No other associated systemic diseases were found and the case was classified as a complication of retinal vasculitis due to BD. Conclusions Although the arteries are rarely affected in retinal vasculitis due to BD, it has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of retinal arterial occlusions especially in countries where the disease is prevalent. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of ocular BD complicated with central retinal artery occlusion.

Central retinal artery occlusion associated with ocular Behçet's disease

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Posterior segment involvement in ocular Behçet's disease.

Factors Influencing Treatment Results in Pseudophakic Endophthalmitis

Central retinal artery occlusion associated with ocular Behçet's disease