We describe the landscape of somatic genomic alterations based on multidimensional and comprehensive characterization of more than 500 glioblastoma tumors (GBMs). We identify several novel mutated genes as well as complex rearrangements of signature receptors, including EGFR and PDGFRA. TERT promoter mutations are shown to correlate with elevated mRNA expression, supporting a role in telomerase reactivation. Correlative analyses confirm that the survival advantage of the proneural subtype is conferred by the G-CIMP phenotype, and MGMT DNA methylation may be a predictive biomarker for treatment response only in classical subtype GBM. Integrative analysis of genomic and proteomic profiles challenges the notion of therapeutic inhibition of a pathway as an alternative to inhibition of the target itself. These data will facilitate the discovery of therapeutic and diagnostic target candidates, the validation of research and clinical observations and the generation of unanticipated hypotheses that can advance our molecular understanding of this lethal cancer.

The somatic genomic landscape of glioblastoma

Wearable biosensors are garnering substantial interest due to their potential to provide continuous, real-time physiological information via dynamic, noninvasive measurements of biochemical markers in biofluids, such as sweat, tears, saliva and interstitial fluid. Recent developments have focused on electrochemical and optical biosensors, together with advances in the noninvasive monitoring of biomarkers including metabolites, bacteria and hormones. A combination of multiplexed biosensing, microfluidic sampling and transport systems have been integrated, miniaturized and combined with flexible materials for improved wearability and ease of operation. Although wearable biosensors hold promise, a better understanding of the correlations between analyte concentrations in the blood and noninvasive biofluids is needed to improve reliability. An expanded set of on-body bioaffinity assays and more sensing strategies are needed to make more biomarkers accessible to monitoring. Large-cohort validation studies of wearable biosensor performance will be needed to underpin clinical acceptance. Accurate and reliable real-time sensing of physiological information using wearable biosensor technologies would have a broad impact on our daily lives.

Wearable biosensors for healthcare monitoring.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in regulating various physiological functions of living organisms. The intrinsic biochemical properties of ROS, which underlie the mechanisms ne...

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Based Nanomedicine.

Macrophage M1/M2 polarization.

Skin is the largest organ of the human body, and it offers a diagnostic interface rich with vital biological signals from the inner organs, blood vessels, muscles, and dermis/epidermis. Soft, flexible, and stretchable electronic devices provide a novel platform to interface with soft tissues for robotic feedback and control, regenerative medicine, and continuous health monitoring. Here, we introduce the term “lab-on-skin” to describe a set of electronic devices that have physical properties, such as thickness, thermal mass, elastic modulus, and water-vapor permeability, which resemble those of the skin. These devices can conformally laminate on the epidermis to mitigate motion artifacts and mismatches in mechanical properties created by conventional, rigid electronics while simultaneously providing accurate, non-invasive, long-term, and continuous health monitoring. Recent progress in the design and fabrication of soft sensors with more advanced capabilities and enhanced reliability suggest an impending t...

Lab-on-Skin: A Review of Flexible and Stretchable Electronics for Wearable Health Monitoring

Protective effects of cleavage agents on INS-1 cells against h-IAPP-induced apoptosis

Mechanism for enhanced 5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutant malignant gliomas

In this study, we propose a new method for the enhancement of intraarterial thrombolysis by use of an endovascular vibrating polymer actuator probe (VPAP), which is fabricated from an ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuator. The endovascular VPAP was fabricated by combining 0.8 × 0.8 × 10 mm3 IPMC samples, 0.22 mm × 50 cm copper wires, and 40 cm of Teflon tube. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thrombolysis efficiency of an endovascular VPAP in a dog model. Both renal arteries of the enrolled dogs (n = 5) were used in the current study. A distal portion of the renal artery in a mongrel dog was occluded by a blood clot from autologous venous whole blood. Intraarterial thrombolysis was performed by use of a VPAP without the actuation force (control group), by a VPAP-only (VPAP-only group), or with a combination of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and a VPAP (VPAP + rtPA group). The thrombolysis efficiency was evaluated by the modified Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) grading system based on the consensus between two radiologists. The grading scales were compared according to each intraarterial thrombolysis method. The VPAP + rtPA and VPAP-only groups showed a significantly higher thrombolysis efficiency than did the control group (p < 0.05). The VPAP-only group also showed a significantly higher thrombolysis efficiency than did the control group (p < 0.05). The VPAP+ rtPA group showed a significantly higher thrombolysis efficiency than did the VPAP-only group (p < 0.05). The use of an endovascular VPAP was a feasible and useful method for intraarterial thrombolysis, and it enhanced the thrombolysis efficiency when combined with the thrombolytic agent rtPA.

Development of endovascular vibrating polymer actuator probe for mechanical thrombolysis: a phantom study.

Theoratical verification of VSL based on traffic flow model and shock wave theory

/pdf/nimg-65-cd49d-correlated-with-apparent-diffusion-coefficient-25zlaoupcy.pdf

NIMG-65. CD49d CORRELATED WITH APPARENT DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT AS A PROMISING BIOMARKER FOR PROGNOSIS PREDICTION OF GLIOBLASTOMA: RADIOGENOMICS STUDY

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