The immunogram of inflammatory breast cancer.

Purpose of review Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most fatal type presentation of clinical breast cancer. The immune tumor microenvironment (TME) of IBC is characterized by signals of immune evasion but suggests actionable vulnerability to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In this review, we aimed to summarize the most important preclinical evidences of IBC immune-vulnerability and the first data from clinical trials evaluating ICIs in IBC. Recent findings IBC is characterized by a preexisting active immune TME suppressed by mechanisms of immune-escape, including inhibitory immune-checkpoints, whose expression is higher than in non-IBC. Clinical trials evaluating ICIs in patients with IBC are burdened by slow accrual and low enrollment. Summary Because of the limited data from clinical trials, no conclusions about the activity of ICIs in IBC can be drawn. Ongoing clinical trials are assessing many promising ICI-based combination approaches. An enhanced multicenter collaboration to evaluate ICIs in patients with this aggressive form of disease and to improve clinical outcomes is required.

Immunotherapy for inflammatory breast cancer: current evidences and future perspectives

Background: Due to its dismal survival rates and limited treatment choices, pancreatic cancer (PC) continues to be one of the most difficult and aggressive cancers in the world. The potential of immunotherapy (IT) in treating different forms of cancer has led to research on how effective it is in treating advanced pancreatic cancer (APC).
Aims: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy of IT in conjunction with chemotherapy for the management of APC.
Method: Using electronic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, a thorough literature search was carried out to find pertinent papers published up until March 20, 2023. Research on the effectiveness and safety of IT in conjunction with chemotherapy for APC were included. The Review manager 5.4.1 was used to conducted an analysis of the included studies.
Results: The odd ratio of the stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) was 1.22 (95% CI: 0.95–1.57), and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.61–1.00), respectively, indicating that there was no significant difference between IT plus chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone. Also, the partial response (PR) of the IT plus chemotherapy did not differ from chemotherapy alone. The odd ratio of partial response was 1.19 (95% CI: 0.80–1.79).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that there was no significant difference in the rates of SD, PD, or PR between the treatment of IT combined with chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone in APC patients. This indicates that the outcomes were similar between the two treatment approaches. However, it is important to note that further analysis and consideration of the full study data are necessary to validate this conclusion.

Keywords: Advanced pancreas cancer, adenocarcinoma, Immunotherapy, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Chemotherapy

Treatment Response of Immunotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Background Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with a low five years survival rate, and chemotherapy remains the standard treatment for advanced cases. However, the efficacy of chemotherapy alone is limited, and there is a need for new treatment options. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, have shown promising results in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. In this study, we explore the safety and efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer. Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 27 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who were administered a combination of anti-PD-1 antibody and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP) regimen. The study evaluated the safety of the treatment as well as the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results In this study, treatment with a combination of anti-PD-1 antibody and GnP regimen for pancreatic cancer resulted in partial response (PR) for 10 out of 27 (37.04%) patients, stable disease (SD) for 10 (37.04%) patients, and progressive disease (PD) for 7 (25.92%) patients. The study found that the median OS (mOS) for these patients was 16.4 months [standard error (SE) = 1.117, 95% confidence interval (CI) 14.211–18.589], while the median PFS (mPFS) was 6.4 months (SE = 1.217, 95% CI 3.981–8.752). Subgroup analysis revealed that pancreatic cancer patients’ Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) (0 vs 1) and treatment cycles (≤6 cycles vs >6 cycles) significantly affected OS and PFS. Patients experienced mostly grade 1–2 adverse events (AEs), which were relieved through clinical treatment. Conclusion The combination of GnP with anti-PD-1 antibodies shows promise as a potential treatment option for advanced pancreatic cancer.

pdf/safety-and-efficacy-analysis-of-pd-1-inhibitors-in-t1jfphu5mz.pdf

Safety and Efficacy Analysis of PD-1 Inhibitors in Combination with Gemcitabine Plus Nab-Paclitaxel for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Real-World, Single-Center Study

To investigate the safety and efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation combined with pharmacogenomic-guided chemotherapy in treating patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (PC). 

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation Combined With Pharmacogenomic-Guided Chemotherapy for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Initial Experience


 Background: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare but aggressive tumor type accounting for up to 10% of breast cancer deaths. One-third of IBCs express high PD-L1 that can be targeted by atezolizumab (Az). MEK inhibitor cobimetinib (Co) not only inhibits the RAS-MAPK pathway but can further enhance immune-mediated killing. Thus, we hypothesize that Az+Co may enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy in metastatic IBC (mIBC). We opened a trial to test this hypothesis with a comprehensive multi-omics biomarker assessment. Patients and Methods: In a single-center, open-label phase II study, cohort 1 received one cycle of Az+ Co, followed by four cycles of Az+Co+eribulin (E) to induce a maximum clinical response, followed by Az+Co maintenance. Pre and Post one cycle of Az+Co tumors were collected for immunohistochemistry (IHC), multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF), whole-exome sequencing (WES), and RNA sequencing (RNAseq). Blood was collected for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Results: Seventeen patients were enrolled in cohort 1. Seven had PR, and three had SD as the best responses. Fourteen had pre, and six had pre/post tumors. The levels of PD-L1 expression at pre/post were not associated with responses. WES revealed the median tumor mutation burden at pre- was 9mt/Mb. More than 50% had TP53 and PI3K pathway mutations at pre. RTK-RAS and Notch pathways were altered in 4/9 cases. PRDM9 and DPY19L2 single-gene mutations were commonly noted in pre. No cancer-associated gene aberration, including potential biomarkers of anti-PDL1 agent response was associated with clinical outcomes. Transcriptomic gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated a greater degree of TNFa and TGFb signaling, Oxphos, angiogenesis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes in tumors from patients with poor response. Immune profiling by RNAseq revealed two responders to have elevated effector memory T cells, NK T cells, myeloid dendritic cells, and M1 macrophage signatures in pre-samples, but post-samples were not available. mIF confirmed a higher frequency of NK-T cells. The ctDNA analysis from serially collected blood samples is ongoing. Discussion: In this comprehensive multi-omics analysis of pre-and-post-Az+Co, we observed several novel findings, while conventional biomarkers for Az and Co did not correlate with clinical responses. EMT, Oxphos, Notch, and chronic inflammation pathways, which are not previously well reported, were observed in this IBC cohort. These markers warrant further validation to see if they carry significance as therapeutic targets in IBC.
 Citation Format: Bora Lim, Angela Alexander, Jie S. Willey, Huiming Sun, Suyu Liu, Anisha B. Patel, Edwin Roger Parra, Cara Haymaker, Luisa Solis Soto, Alejandra Serrano, Baohua Sun, Cibelle Freitas Pinto Lima, Auriole Tamegnon, Renganayaki K. Pandurengan, Dzifa Douse, Jessica Lan, Luthra Raja, Randy Chu, Mark Knafl, Scott E. Woodman, Haifeng Zhu, Katja Shulze, Katherine Fedenko, Walter Darbonne, Naoto T. Ueno, Vicente Valero. Biomarker analysis: Multi-omics elucidation of Cohort 1 from a phase II study of a triple combination of Atezolizumab + cobimetinib + eribulin in patients with metastatic inflammatory breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-08-19.

Abstract P4-08-19: Biomarker analysis: Multi-omics elucidation of Cohort 1 from a phase II study of a triple combination of Atezolizumab + cobimetinib + eribulin in patients with metastatic inflammatory breast cancer

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of anti-PD-1 antibodies in combination with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 18 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who received anti-PD-1 antibody combined with chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Safety, objective response rate, disease control rate, progression-free survival and overall survival were analyzed. Results: One patient achieved a complete response, nine patients had a partial response, five patients had stable disease and three patients had progressive disease. Progression-free survival and overall survival were shown to be significantly prolonged in both PD-L1-positive and high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) patients. Conclusion: Anti-PD-1 antibodies in combination with chemotherapy are safe and effective in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.

Safety and efficacy analysis of PD-1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer.

Abstract P2-12-26: A phase Ib study of novel combination (New) of low dose oral cyclophoSphamide (S) To potentiate axatilimab (A) + retifanlimab (R) in treating metastatic Triple negative breast cancer (NEW START)

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Huiming Sun

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Abstract P4-08-19: Biomarker analysis: Multi-omics elucidation of Cohort 1 from a phase II study of a triple combination of Atezolizumab + cobimetinib + eribulin in patients with metastatic inflammatory breast cancer

Safety and efficacy analysis of PD-1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer.

Abstract P2-12-26: A phase Ib study of novel combination (New) of low dose oral cyclophoSphamide (S) To potentiate axatilimab (A) + retifanlimab (R) in treating metastatic Triple negative breast cancer (NEW START)