Numerical investigation on a lithium ion battery thermal management utilizing a serpentine-channel liquid cooling plate exchanger

A rapid estimation and sensitivity analysis of parameters describing the behavior of commercial Li-ion batteries including thermal analysis

Heat dissipation analysis and optimization of lithium-ion batteries with a novel parallel-spiral serpentine channel liquid cooling plate

An integrated thermal management strategy for cabin and battery heating in range-extended electric vehicles under low-temperature conditions

The driving range of electric vehicles is a complex issue. In simulation, this range is determined by coupling a battery model and a traction model of the vehicle. But most of the battery models used for such studies do not take into account the interaction between the temperature of the battery (impacting its electrical parameters) and the traction model of a studied EV. In this paper, a battery electro-thermal model (with all electrical parameters dependent upon the temperature) is dynamically coupled with the traction model of an electric vehicle. Simulation results are provided to show the impact of the temperature on the driving range. The initial battery model (without temperature dependence) leads to an overestimation of the driving range of 3.3% at −5 °C and an underestimation of 2.5% at 40 °C.

Dynamical Coupling of a Battery Electro-Thermal Model and the Traction Model of an EV for Driving Range Simulation

The real time power prediction of power battery pack used in electric vehicles is a difficulty of the battery management system. The internal resistance characteristic of the battery can be used to achieve the prediction of battery power based on the close relationship between the value of real time power and internal resistance. In this paper, the internal resistance characteristic of the power type lithium-ion battery are tested with HPPC(hybrid pulse power characterization) method, the relationship curves between the capacity or internal resistance of the battery and temperature are given, the temperature properties of the capacity and the ohmic resistance of the battery are obtained, and the basis of online resistance identification and peak power computation for the battery pack is provided.

The Internal Resistance Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Battery Based on HPPC Method

We carried out a quenching and partitioning (Q&P) process to some samples of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel and applied intercritical annealing treatment to others as a comparison. The microstructure of the sample after intercritical annealing treatment contained ferrite and martensite. The microstructure of samples under the Q&P process included ferrite, martensite, and retained austenite. The strength of samples treated by a Q&P process was equivalent to that of the samples after intercritical annealing treatment. The former had better ductility than the latter through optimizing the partitioning process parameters. As the partitioning temperature increased, the diffusion rate of carbon atoms increased, more carbon atoms diffused from martensite into austenite, and more retained austenite stabilized at room temperature. The area fraction change of retained austenite resulted from the competitive mechanism of diffusion and homogenization of carbon in austenite and austenite decomposition. The partitioning process had no apparent effect on the strength but significantly affected ductility. The influence of the TRIP effect of retained austenite and softening effect of martensite on ductility should be considered comprehensively. The TRIP effect mainly depended on the fraction and mechanical stability of retained austenite. The diffusion process of carbon atoms during the partitioning stage was briefly described. Part of carbon atoms diffused from martensite into austenite, part of carbon atoms formed precipitation, and part of carbon atoms was trapped by defects at grain boundaries. The relationship between the yield platform and the Cottrell atmosphere formed by carbon pinning dislocation was illustrated in this paper. 

Effect of partitioning treatment on the microstructure and properties of low-carbon ferritic stainless steel treated by a quenching and partitioning process

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The Internal Resistance Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Battery Based on HPPC Method

Effect of partitioning treatment on the microstructure and properties of low-carbon ferritic stainless steel treated by a quenching and partitioning process