Simple Summary Research on leukemia has often led to novel approaches in clinical practice. Cytogenetical and molecular markers have been introduced in treatment protocols contributing to better stratification of leukemia patients in specific prognostic groups and patient-tailored therapy. However, the next step concerns modern hematology. Omics-profiling of leukemia patients is needed to complete the information of all key players which influence the course of the disease. There is no doubt that regulatory RNAs, among which lncRNAs, belong to those key players. Knowledge of the role of lncRNAs in leukemias is not sufficient and the research in that field needs to be increased. This would enable the design of innovative targeted-therapeutics, thus opening the doors wide for personalized medicine in hematological malignancies. Abstract Leukemia is a heterogenous group of hematological malignancies categorized in four main types (acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Several cytogenetic and molecular markers have become a part of routine analysis for leukemia patients. These markers have been used in diagnosis, risk-stratification and targeted therapy application. Recent studies have indicated that numerous regulatory RNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), have a role in tumor initiation and progression. When it comes to leukemia, data for lncRNA involvement in its etiology, progression, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis is limited. The aim of this review is to summarize research data on lncRNAs in different types of leukemia, on their expression pattern, their role in leukemic transformation and disease progression. The usefulness of this information in the clinical setting, i.e., for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, will be emphasized. Finally, how particular lncRNAs could be used as potential targets for the application of targeted therapy will be considered.

/pdf/diagnostic-and-therapeutic-implications-of-long-non-coding-21qsd9g0.pdf

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Leukemia

Accurate orchestration of gene expression is critical for the process of normal hematopoiesis, and dysregulation is closely associated with leukemogenesis. Epigenetic aberration is one of the major causes contributing to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), where chromosomal rearrangements are frequently found. Increasing evidences have shown the pivotal roles of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in chromatin remodeling, which are involved in stemness maintenance, cell fate determination, proliferation and differentiation, via mastering the transcriptional switch of key genes. In abnormal, these functions can be bloomed to elicit carcinogenesis. Presently, HDAC family members are appealing targets for drug exploration, many of which have been deployed to the AML treatment. As the majority of AML events are associated with chromosomal translocation resulting in oncogenic fusion proteins, it is valuable to comprehensively understand the mutual interactions between HDACs and oncogenic proteins. Therefore, we reviewed the process of leukemogenesis and roles of HDAC members acting in this progress, providing an insight for the target anchoring, investigation of hyperacetylated-agents, and how the current knowledge could be applied in AML treatment.

/pdf/roles-of-histone-deacetylases-in-acute-myeloid-leukemia-with-5mt2xd9nde.pdf

Roles of Histone Deacetylases in Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Fusion Proteins.

Role of cell-free DNA in haematological malignancies.

DNA methylation represents a crucial mechanism of epigenetic regulation in hematologic malignancies. The methylation process is controlled by specific DNA methyl transferases and other regulators, which are often affected by genetic alterations. Global hypomethylation and hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes are associated with hematologic cancer development and progression. Several epi-drugs have been successfully implicated in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, including the hypomethylating agents (HMAs) decitabine and azacytidine. However, combinations with other treatment modalities and the discovery of new molecules are still the subject of research to increase sensitivity to anti-cancer therapies and improve patient outcomes. In this review, we summarized the main functions of DNA methylation regulators and genetic events leading to changes in methylation landscapes. We provide current knowledge about target genes with aberrant methylation levels in leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, and malignant lymphomas. Moreover, we provide an overview of the clinical trials, focused mainly on the combined therapy of HMAs with other treatments and its impact on adverse events, treatment efficacy, and survival rates among hematologic cancer patients. In the era of precision medicine, a transition from genes to their regulation opens up the possibility of an epigenetic-based approach as a diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tool.

/pdf/targeting-dna-methylation-in-leukemia-myelodysplastic-11kjs5ic.pdf

Targeting DNA Methylation in Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, and Lymphoma: A Potential Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Tool

Acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia‐related changes (AML‐MRC) generally confers poor prognosis, however, patient outcomes are heterogeneous. The impact of TP53 allelic state and variant allele frequency (VAF) in AML‐MRC remains poorly defined.

Molecular characterization of AML‐MRC reveals TP53 mutation as an adverse prognostic factor irrespective of MRC‐defining criteria, TP53 allelic state, or TP53 variant allele frequency

To explore the characteristics and prognostic significance of genetic mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we screened the gene mutation profile of 171 previously untreated AML patients using a next-generation sequencing technique targeting 127 genes with potential prognostic significance. A total of 390 genetic alterations were identified in 149 patients with a frequency of 87.1%. Younger age and high sensitivity to induction chemotherapy were associated with a lower number of mutations. NPM1 mutation was closely related to DNMT3A and FLT3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutations, but mutually exclusive with ASXL1 mutation and CEBPAdouble mutation . In univariate analysis, ASXL1 or TET2 mutation predicted shorter overall survival (OS) or relapse-free survival (RFS), DNMT3A, FLT3-ITD, or RUNX1 mutation predicted a higher likelihood of remission-induction failure, whereas NRAS mutation or CEBPAdouble mutation predicted longer OS. Concurrent DNMT3A, FLT3-ITD, and NPM1 mutations predicted shorter OS. Hypomethylation agents could improve the OS in patients with DNA methylation-related mutations. According to multivariate analysis, TET2 mutation was recognized as an independent prognostic factors for RFS. In summary, our study provided a detailed pattern of gene mutations and their prognostic relevance in Chinese AML patients based on targeted next-generation sequencing screening.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/cam4.3467

Characteristics and prognostic significance of genetic mutations in acute myeloid leukemia based on a targeted next-generation sequencing technique

Pre-transplant therapy for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The invention discloses a sequencing data automated analysis method and device, and an electronic device. The sequencing data automated analysis method includes the steps: acquiring raw data; receiving an analysis instruction from a user; acquiring batch data from the raw data based on the analysis instruction; splitting the batch data into sample data; and performing data quality control on the split sample data; and performing chromosomal aneuploidy and gene microdeletion analysis on each of the sample data being successful in data quality control, so as to obtain an analysis result. In thisway, chromosomal aneuploidy and gene microdeletion analysis results can be obtained directly from the raw data based on user instructions, so that the labor and time cost of chromosome analysis can be reduced and ease of use can be improved.

Sequencing data automated analysis method and device, and electronic device

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Hong Wang

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Characteristics and prognostic significance of genetic mutations in acute myeloid leukemia based on a targeted next-generation sequencing technique

Pre-transplant therapy for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Sequencing data automated analysis method and device, and electronic device